RUI: Quantum Mechanical Studies of Hydrogen and Helium Interactions: Applications in Astrophysical, Ultracold, and Industrial Environments

RUI：氢和氦相互作用的量子力学研究：在天体物理、超冷和工业环境中的应用

• 批准号: 1203228
• 负责人: Robert Forrey
• 金额: $ 23.07万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1203228&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Quantum; Mechanical; Studies; Hydrogen

Quantum mechanical studies of hydrogen and helium interations will be performed with applications in astrophysical, ultracold, and industrial environments. These environments include atom and molecule traps, surfaces of transition metal clusters, and astrophysical environments where reliable data is needed for a variety of microphysical processes. The intellectual merit of the research includes first principles investigation of the interactions of hydrogen with other atoms and molecules, the formation and dynamics of helium-containing van der Waals molecules, and chemical reactions involving hydrogen on the surfaces of metallic clusters. Each of these investigations will use fully quantum mechanical methods to describe detailed interactions involving hydrogen and helium.The broader impacts of the research include applications to:(i) Astrophysical environments such as photodissociation regions where hydrogen molecular clouds are far from thermal equilibrium, and primordial gas where a significantly improved theoretical account of molecular hydrogen is needed to simulate population III star formation,(ii) Ultracold environments such as buffer-gas traps where trapped van der Waals complexes may open up new avenues of research in few-body physics, chemical reaction dynamics, and cluster physics, and (iii) Industrial environments where processes such as heterogeneous catalysis might benefit from an atomic and molecular perspective. The broader impacts also include the development of human resources and educational outreach activities. Students will be given their first exposure to scientific research. General education and outreach talks will be given that relate the research activities with topics of interest to the public. The project is designed to integrate research, teaching, and educational outreach and provide an excellent opportunity for undergraduates to begin training for science and engineering careers.

氢和氦相互作用的量子力学研究将在天体物理、超冷和工业环境中应用。这些环境包括原子和分子陷阱，过渡金属团簇的表面，以及需要可靠数据来进行各种微物理过程的天体物理环境。这项研究的学术价值包括氢与其他原子和分子相互作用的第一性原理研究，含氦范德华分子的形成和动力学，以及金属团簇表面涉及氢的化学反应。这些研究中的每一项都将使用全量子力学方法来描述涉及氢和氦的详细相互作用。这些研究的更广泛的影响包括应用于：(I)天体物理环境，如光解离区，氢分子云远离热平衡，以及原始气体，在那里需要显著改进的分子氢的理论解释来模拟第三族星的形成；(Ii)超冷环境，如缓冲气体陷阱，捕获的范德华络合物可能会在少体物理、化学反应动力学和星团物理中开辟新的研究途径；以及(Iii)工业环境，如多相催化过程可能从原子和分子的角度受益。更广泛的影响还包括人力资源的开发和教育宣传活动。学生们将第一次接触到科学研究。将举办通识教育和外展讲座，将研究活动与公众感兴趣的主题联系起来。该项目旨在整合研究、教学和教育推广，为本科生提供一个开始科学和工程职业培训的绝佳机会。