Collaborative Research: Arctic Sensitivity to Climate Perturbations and a Millenial Perspective on Current Warming Derived from Shrinking Ice Caps

合作研究：北极对气候扰动的敏感性以及对冰盖缩小导致的当前变暖的千年视角

• 批准号: 1204005
• 负责人: Jason Briner
• 金额: $ 24.95万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Buffalo
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1204005&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Arctic; Sensitivity; Climate

The goal of this proposal is to provide a millennial context for current warming and to better constrain the nature of abrupt climate changes over the past 5000 years in the North Atlantic sector of the Arctic. This goal will be addressed with the powerful datasets derived from radiocarbon-dated vegetation preserved beneath ice caps for centuries to millennia, but now being exposed annually by current ice-margin retreat across northeastern Canada and West Greenland. These chronologies define the pattern and timing of abrupt summer coolings in the recent past and place current warming in a millennial context. 14C dating of vegetation will be complemented by measuring in situ 14C inventories in recently exposed rock surfaces, providing essential temporal constraints on the duration of ice-covered and ice-free conditions throughout the Holocene. Combined, these two datasets will provide the most secure evidence for the character of current summer warming by explicitly dating when the region was last as warm as present. Comparing our climate reconstructions with on-going studies in NW Europe will help to separate the roles of unforced variability from hemispherically symmetric forcing as causes for abrupt climate change. Research activities under this award will be made accessible to indigenous peoples by translating the goals and eventual results into Inuktitut, through posters that describe the research, and by offering public lectures in Iqaluit, the capital of Nunavut, and at Qikiqtarjuaq, where INSTAAR has long had a presence. This research program will train a PhD and MSc student, and provides opportunities for undergraduate students to become involved with research, building on successful traditions from previous years.

该提案的目标是为当前的变暖提供一个千年背景，并更好地约束北极北大西洋地区过去5000年气候突变的性质。这一目标将通过强大的数据集来解决，这些数据集来自于保存在冰盖下数百年至数千年的放射性碳年代的植被，但现在每年都有加拿大东北部和西格陵兰岛的冰缘退缩暴露出来。这些年表确定了近期夏季突然变冷的模式和时间，并将当前的变暖置于千年的背景下。植被的14C测年将通过测量最近暴露的岩石表面的原位14C库存来补充，为整个全新世冰覆盖和无冰条件的持续时间提供必要的时间限制。结合起来，这两个数据集将为当前夏季变暖的特征提供最可靠的证据，通过明确地确定该地区最后一次像现在一样温暖的时间。将我们的气候重建与欧洲西北部正在进行的研究进行比较，将有助于区分非强迫变率与半球对称强迫作为气候突变原因的作用。这项奖励下的研究活动将向土著人民开放，办法是将目标和最终结果翻译成因纽特语，张贴描述研究的海报，并在努纳武特首府伊克卢特和INSTAAR长期存在的齐齐克塔尔瓦克举行公开讲座。该研究项目将培养一名博士和硕士学生，并为本科生提供参与研究的机会，以往年的成功传统为基础。