Collaborative Research: Contributions to HALO, the Helium and Lead Observatory

该奖项将使杜克大学和明尼苏达大学杜卢斯的中微子研究小组在氦和铅天文台（HALO）上的合作工作成为可能。这是一个新的实验，旨在探测起源于我们银河系内核心坍缩超新星的中微子。导致这些灾难性事件的大质量恒星的死亡每隔几十年就会发生在MilkyWay的某个地方，并以中微子短爆发的形式释放出99%的能量。现有的探测器主要对电子反中微子敏感。使用铅作为其靶原子核使得HALO对电子中微子敏感，以及通过中性电流相互作用对爆发通量的所有味道成分敏感。本融资周期的工作重点将是通过冗余、快速故障转移的数据采集系统升级HALO。该奖项将为这一努力提供适度的硬件和人员贡献。该奖项的更广泛影响包括对学生和博士后研究人员的优秀实验培训。过去，他们在吸引学生和博士后方面非常成功。该项目提供了从模拟到探测器建造的一系列经验，不久将开始运行和数据分析。哈洛组织还将为超新星早期预警系统作出贡献，该系统有一个内在的外联部分。

This award will enable collaborative work by Duke University and the University of Minnesota Duluth's neutrino research groups on the Helium and Lead Observatory (HALO). This is a new experiment designed to detect neutrinos originating in a core-collapse supernova within our own galaxy. The deaths of massive stars which cause these cataclysmic events occur every few decades somewhere in the MilkyWay and emit 99% of their energy in the form of a short burst of neutrinos. Existing detectors are primarily sensitive to electron antineutrinos. Use of lead for its target nuclei allows HALO to be sensitive to electron neutrinos, as well as to all flavor components of the burst flux via neutral current interactions. The effort for this funding cycle will center on upgrading HALO with redundant, fast-failover data acquisition systems. This award will provide modest hardware and personnel contributions to this effort.Broader impacts of this award include the excellent experimental training for students and postdoctoral researchers. They have been very successful in involving students and postdocs in the past. This project offers a range of experiences, from simulation through detector construction, with operations and data analysis to commence soon. HALO will also be a contributor to SNEWS (SuperNova Early Warning System), which has an intrinsic outreach component.