Quantum Dynamics of Ultracold Collisions and Reactions

超冷碰撞和反应的量子动力学

• 批准号: 1205838
• 负责人: Balakrishnan Naduvalath
• 金额: $ 19.9万
• 依托单位: University of Nevada Las Vegas
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-07-15 至 2016-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1205838&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Quantum; Dynamics; Ultracold; Collisions; Reactions

Investigation of molecular phenomena at cold and ultracold temperatures has become a major area of research in atomic, molecular and optical physics in recent years. This award supports theoretical investigations of a variety of atom-diatom chemical reactions and molecule-molecule collisions at cold and ultracold temperatures. Barrierless chemical reactions involving alkali metal and non-alkali metal atom systems as well as tunneling dominated reactions will be investigated. The research will shed insights into novel energy transfer mechanisms in molecular collisions in the extreme quantum limit and explore how van der Waals interaction potentials in the reactant/product channels may influence reactivity at ultralow temperatures. The research will provide improved understanding of chemical reactivity at temperatures close to absolute zero and may reveal new pathways for control of chemical reaction dynamics. Computational algorithms developed during the course of this research could also be applied to describe molecular processes in diverse environments ranging from ultracold molecules to atmospheric chemistry as well as astrophysics and plasma fusion reactors. Research performed with this award will also contribute to future workforce development in Science and Technology at a time when the overall interest in Science and Engineering is on the decline in the United States.

近年来，冷和超冷温度下分子现象的研究已成为原子、分子和光学物理研究的主要领域。该奖项支持对低温和超冷温度下各种原子-硅藻化学反应和分子-分子碰撞的理论研究。将研究涉及碱金属和非碱金属原子系统的无势垒化学反应以及隧道主导反应。 该研究将深入了解极端量子极限下分子碰撞中的新型能量转移机制，并探索反应物/产物通道中的范德华相互作用势如何影响超低温下的反应性。该研究将加深对接近绝对零温度下的化学反应性的理解，并可能揭示控制化学反应动力学的新途径。在这项研究过程中开发的计算算法也可以应用于描述不同环境中的分子过程，从超冷分子到大气化学以及天体物理学和等离子体聚变反应堆。 在美国对科学和工程的整体兴趣正在下降之际，利用该奖项进行的研究也将有助于未来科学和技术领域的劳动力发展。