DISSERTATION RESEARCH: The ecology and evolution of morphological scaling

相对性状大小的变化是适应和多样化发生的主要机制。这项研究将严格检验这样一种假设，即生态表现的选择产生了一种被观察到的模式，经常被引用为已知的最令人信服的适应案例之一。果蝇的翅膀大小各不相同，因此在较冷的环境中，果蝇体型较大，翅膀大得不成比例。本研究将(1)对温暖和寒冷环境下的飞行表现进行人工选择，以进化出具有适合每种温度下飞行形态的果蝇种群；(2)在飞行和生存试验中评估这些果蝇的适应性；(3)确定作用于每种特征的选择强度和模式。此外，拟议的工作将涉及对四名本科生的培训，其中包括来自科学领域代表性不足的群体的个人。

Change in relative trait size is a primary mechanism by which adaptation and diversification occurs. This study will rigorously test the hypothesis that selection on ecological performance has produced an observed pattern frequently cited as one of the most compelling cases of adaptation known. Fruit flies vary in wing size such that in cooler environments flies are larger with disproportionately large wings. This study will (1) impose artificial selection on flight performance in warm and cool environments to evolve populations of flies possessing morphology suited to flight at each temperature, (2) assess the adaptive nature of the those flies in flight and survival assays, and (3) determine the strength and pattern of selection acting on each trait. In addition, the proposed work will involve the training of four undergraduates, including individuals from groups that are underrepresented in the sciences.