CNH: Urban Disamenities and Pests: Coupled Dynamics of Urban Mosquito Ecology and Human Systems Across Socioeconomically Diverse Communities

CNH：城市疾病与害虫：社会经济多元化社区的城市蚊子生态与人类系统的耦合动态

• 批准号: 1211797
• 负责人: Shannon LaDeau
• 金额: $ 142.94万
• 依托单位: Cary Institute of Ecosystem Studies, Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1211797&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CNH; Urban; Disamenities; Pests; Coupled

This project will test whether urban social and economic decay and urban infestations of mosquitoes feedback upon one another and, if so, how to break this vicious cycle. Research in Baltimore, Maryland, will examine whether features of urban decay such as population decline, abandoned lots, and unmanaged refuse promote mosquito production and whether this in turn discourages care for and use of the outdoor environment by residents and exacerbates urban decay. Comprehensive sampling in three focal neighborhoods will quantify the association between the abundances of mosquitoes and the physical and socio-economic status of neighborhoods, and how mosquito exposure influences resident support for and participation in outdoor activities and urban revitalization. Experiments will identify activities that best support and motivate resident-led strategies to control mosquitoes. Specifically, researchers will: 1) assess the quality and quantity of positive and negative social and environmental features in each neighborhood ; 2) quantify mosquito abundance and identify mechanisms that facilitate winter survival; 3) measure resident knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors associated with controlling mosquito breeding habitat and personal exposure; and 4) test the efficacy of education and active citizen-science interventions in changing mosquito control behaviors of residents and their perceptions about neighborhood greening projects. Results will increase understanding of coupled human and pest dynamics in an urban context and provide fundamental information for translating ecological theory in urban ecosystems and developing socio-ecological theory for sustainable advances in urban greening and public health. Coupled human-mosquito dynamics are an important model for developing new socio-ecological theory on human-pest interactions, improving urban quality of life, and engaging broader community participation in neighborhood revitalization. Despite over a century of organized and often sophisticated efforts to control mosquitoes, nuisance complaints persist and mosquito-borne diseases are a persistent and growing concern in urban communities across the globe. The need for personal responsibility in managing urban pests at the scale of individual parcels is increasingly viewed as the better route to mosquito control in urban and suburban settings. This work investigates this socio-ecological system, integrating expertise and theory from community ecology, geography, education, and environmental justice. The research is designed to include community leaders and residents at all stages of data collection, interpretation, and dissemination, as well as in brainstorming remediation strategies. The project will train graduate and undergraduate students, including members of under-represented groups, use social media to recruit and involve citizen scientists and community members, and partner with city and state agencies and a community-based foundation.

该项目将测试城市社会和经济衰退与城市蚊虫侵扰是否相互反馈，如果是，如何打破这种恶性循环。 在马里兰州的巴尔的摩进行的研究将检查城市衰退的特征，如人口下降、废弃的土地和未管理的垃圾是否会促进蚊子的繁殖，以及这是否会反过来阻碍居民对户外环境的关心和使用，并加剧城市衰退。 在三个重点社区的全面采样将量化蚊子的丰度和社区的物理和社会经济状况之间的关联，以及蚊子暴露如何影响居民对户外活动和城市振兴的支持和参与。实验将确定最能支持和激励居民主导的蚊子控制策略的活动。具体而言，研究人员将：1）评估每个社区积极和消极的社会和环境特征的质量和数量; 2）量化蚊子丰度并确定促进冬季生存的机制; 3）测量居民与控制蚊子繁殖栖息地和个人暴露相关的知识，态度和行为;以及4）测试教育和积极的公民科学干预措施在改变居民的灭蚊行为和他们对社区绿化项目的看法方面的效果。结果将增加在城市背景下耦合人类和害虫动态的理解，并提供基本信息，在城市生态系统中的生态理论翻译和发展社会生态理论，在城市绿化和公共卫生的可持续发展。耦合人蚊动力学是一个重要的模型，发展新的社会生态理论的人与害虫的相互作用，提高城市生活质量，并在邻里振兴更广泛的社区参与。尽管世纪来有组织且通常复杂的努力来控制蚊子，但滋扰投诉持续存在，并且蚊子传播的疾病是地球仪的城市社区中持续且日益增长的问题。在城市和郊区环境中，越来越多的人认为，个人负责管理单个包裹规模的城市害虫是控制蚊子的更好途径。这项工作调查这个社会生态系统，整合专业知识和理论，从社区生态学，地理，教育和环境正义。这项研究的目的是包括社区领导人和居民在数据收集，解释和传播的各个阶段，以及在头脑风暴补救策略。 该项目将培训研究生和本科生，包括代表性不足的群体的成员，利用社交媒体招募和参与公民科学家和社区成员，并与市和州机构以及社区基金会合作。