SBIR Phase I: Development of an Adaptive Dual-Fuel Injector to Enable High Efficiency Clean Combustion for SUV and Light Duty Truck Engines

这个小型企业创新研究第一阶段项目调查了自适应双燃料(ADF)喷油器的技术和商业优势以及潜在的商业可行性，该喷油器可直接喷射汽油和柴油，以实现高效、清洁的燃烧。汽油和E85燃料是使用最广泛的燃料之一，但大多用于火花点火式喷油汽油机，其热效率比柴油机低30%~40%。ADF喷油器的关键创新使汽油/E85和柴油的直接喷射能够选择性地从单个喷油器按需进行。ADF喷油器可以同时减少NOx和颗粒物(PM)的排放，并通过先进的低温燃烧提高发动机效率。在柴油机平台上使用，汽油和E85燃料的效率可提高约30~40%。自适应双燃料喷油器还提供了灵活性，使发动机能够使用纯柴油、汽油-柴油或E85-柴油双燃料。第一阶段的工作包括设计、阿尔法原型制作、喷雾可视化成像和激光测量，以确定拟议的ADF注射器的优点和可行性。该项目的广泛影响/商业潜力将对能源安全和环境保护产生重大好处。产学研合作的工程研究也有助于加深对双燃料喷射特性的了解。双燃料喷射器提供了新的功能，可以潜在地实现超高效清洁燃烧的变革性燃烧方法和制度。该项目将显著节省燃料成本，使美国消费者显著受益，以低成本促进新CAFE标准的实施，并使美国经济受益。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase I project investigates the technical and commercial merits and potential commercial feasibility of an Adaptive Dual-Fuel (ADF) Injector for direct injection of gasoline and diesel fuels to enable high efficiency clean combustion. Gasoline and E85 fuels are among the most widely available fuels, but are mostly used on spark-ignition port injection gasoline engines with 30~40% less thermal efficiency than diesel engines. The key innovation of the ADF injector enables direct injections of both gasoline/E85 and diesel fuel selectively on-demand from a single injector. The ADF injector can enable simultaneous reduction of NOx and particular matter (PM) emissions and improve engine efficiency through advanced low temperature combustion. It can gain about 30~40% efficiency improvement for gasoline and E85 fuels by using a diesel engine platform. The adaptive dual-fuel injector also provides flexibility for enabling engines to run on either pure diesel, gasoline-diesel, or E85-diesel dual fuels. The Phase I work includes design, alpha prototyping, spray visualization imaging and laser measurements to identify merits and feasibility of the proposed ADF injector. The broader impact/commercial potential of this project will be significant benefits for energy security and environment protection. The industry-university collaborated engineering research can also provide deeper understanding on characteristics of dual fuel injection. The dual fuel injector provides new capabilities which can potentially enable transformative combustion methods and regimes for ultra high efficiency clean combustion. This project will significantly benefit US consumers through significant fuel cost saving, facilitate implementations of new CAFE standards with low cost, and benefit US economy.