EID: Collaborative Research: Invasion and Infection: Translocation and Transmission: An Experimental Study with Mycoplasma in Desert Tortoises

EID：合作研究：入侵和感染：易位和传播：沙漠龟支原体的实验研究

• 批准号: 1216054
• 负责人: Peter Hudson
• 金额: $ 230.39万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1216054&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EID; Collaborative; Research; Invasion; Infection

Solar panel development in the Western Mojave has resulted in a large number of threatened Desert Tortoises being moved from one location to another. Studies have shown that this species has become threatened through habitat loss and pneumonia infections and the translocation of tortoises will exacerbate disease risk. This project will examine the effects of social network structure on disease transmission dynamics using desert tortoises as a model system. The project will use a non-fatal mycoplasm infection and controlled introductions to follow disease spread in a system where the movements and interactions of all individuals can be tracked. The investigators will examine when translocation disrupts contact patterns and increases likelihood of an outbreak. Specifically they will undertake detailed experiments at both small and large scales and link these with probabilistic network models. A fundamental part of this project is to identify a relationship between population structure, contact patterns and disease spread that can be used more generally to predict the likelihood of disease outbreaks. One outcome will be a management tool that can be used to assess risk of disease outbreaks in relation to tortoise translocation. More generally the researchers seek to examine the relationships between contact patterns and disease risk in other types of populations, including human and livestock. In this respect this study will be of great importance in understanding how emerging infections invade naïve populations.

莫哈韦西部的太阳能电池板开发导致大量受威胁的沙漠龟从一个地点迁移到另一个地点。研究表明，这一物种已受到栖息地丧失和肺炎感染的威胁，陆龟的迁移将加剧疾病风险。本项目将以沙漠陆龟为模型系统，研究社会网络结构对疾病传播动力学的影响。该项目将使用非致命性支原体感染和受控的引入来跟踪疾病在一个系统中的传播，在该系统中可以跟踪所有个体的移动和相互作用。研究人员将检查易位何时破坏接触模式并增加爆发的可能性。具体来说，他们将在小规模和大规模上进行详细的实验，并将这些实验与概率网络模型联系起来。该项目的一个基本部分是确定人口结构、接触模式和疾病传播之间的关系，以便更普遍地用于预测疾病爆发的可能性。一个成果将是一个管理工具，可用于评估与乌龟易位有关的疾病爆发的风险。更一般地说，研究人员试图研究接触模式与其他类型人群（包括人类和牲畜）疾病风险之间的关系。在这方面，这项研究将是非常重要的，在了解新出现的感染如何侵入天真的人群。