Checking and Correcting the Timescale for the Archaeology of the East Mediterranean-Near East in Later Prehistory & Protohistory: Investigating the Scale of a Radiocarbon Offse

东地中海-近东史前晚期考古年表的校对

• 批准号: 1219315
• 负责人: Sturt Manning
• 金额: $ 20.47万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1219315&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Checking; Correcting; Timescale; Archaeology; East

With National Science Foundation (NSF) support, Drs. Sturt Manning and Timothy Jull, together with a postdoctoral scholar, other colleagues, and US students, will collect and analyze tree-rings from southern Jordan, Europe and North America in order to investigate and establish what is the appropriate radiocarbon timeline for archaeological and environmental dating in the southern Levant and east Mediterranean region. This issue is critical for determining the correct timeframe for Biblical Archaeology - and so early Biblical history - as well as the timeframes and histories of the other important ancient cultures of the Near East and east Mediterranean region. Over the last two decades there has been much unresolved debate on this topic.Radiocarbon (14C) is the main science-based method used to most date sites and finds in the ancient Near East and eastern Mediterranean in the period before about 500 BCE (before the historical civilizations of ancient Greece and Rome). Radiocarbon dating has become increasingly precise in recent years, and employs sophisticated analytical approaches. As a result there have been active and vigorous debates over key topics like the exact dating of early Israel and the precise timeframe of early Biblical history, among others. These debates have serious implications for how we interpret and understand the early history of these civilizations and have profound effects on a number of fields centered on the history and culture of the world of the Hebrew Bible and its contemporaries. But, as precision and resolution have increased, some previously disregarded issues relevant to radiocarbon dating such as, the potential relevance of differences in the growing seasons of plants in different areas - start to become critically important if the correct high resolution chronology is to be achieved. Using known-age tree-ring samples - precise to the calendar year - from the east Mediterranean and southern Levant, and comparing these with known age tree rings from Germany, Ireland and the North America, in the context of a carefully-designed program of high-resolution accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) radiocarbon analysis capable of resolving radiocarbon levels to within about 3 parts per thousand, this project will investigate and quantify what is the appropriate radiocarbon calibration dataset for the southern Levant and east Mediterranean region (and quantify the nature and scale of any growingseason-related offset). This will provide the basis for archaeological, early historical and environmental chronologies in the Near East and east Mediterranean to be both accurate as well as precise.The project will develop existing collaborative research on tree-rings in Jordan by the Cornell Laboratory in partnership with the American Centre of Oriental Research (ACOR) in Amman, Jordan, and will involve a postdoctoral scholar, a graduate student, and undergraduate students in the Cornell laboratory. The radiocarbon work on known-age tree-ring samples at the University of Arizona Accelerator Mass Spectrometry (AMS) Laboratory, will provide an important opportunity to test and develop the accuracy and precision of this key US facility central to NSF sponsored radiocarbon-based work across several fields from archaeology to a range of the environmental and geological sciences.

在国家科学基金会（NSF）的支持下，博士。 Sturt Manning和Timothy Jull以及博士后学者，其他同事以及美国学生将收集和分析来自约旦，欧洲南部，欧洲和北美的树木，以调查和确定南部Levant和East Mediterraneanhanean地区考古和环境约会的适当放射线时间表。这个问题对于确定圣经考古学以及如此早期的圣经历史以及其他重要的近东和东地中海地区其他重要古代文化的时间范围和历史至关重要。在过去的二十年中，关于该主题的尚未解决的辩论很多。Radiobarbon（14C）是基于科学的主要方法，用于大多数约会地点和在公元前500年之前的古代近东和东地中海地区（在公元前500年之前）（在古希腊和罗马的历史文明之前）。近年来，放射性碳年代越来越精确，并采用了复杂的分析方法。结果，人们就主要主题进行了积极而激烈的辩论，例如早期以色列的确切日期以及早期圣经历史的确切时间表等。这些辩论对我们如何解释和理解这些文明的早期历史具有严重的影响，并对以希伯来圣经及其同时代人的历史和文化为中心的许多领域产生了深远的影响。但是，随着精度和分辨率的增加，一些先前无视的问题与放射性碳年代相关的问题，例如，在不同地区生长季节中差异的潜在相关性 - 如果要实现正确的高分辨率年表，就会开始至关重要。 Using known-age tree-ring samples - precise to the calendar year - from the east Mediterranean and southern Levant, and comparing these with known age tree rings from Germany, Ireland and the North America, in the context of a carefully-designed program of high-resolution accelerator mass spectrometer (AMS) radiocarbon analysis capable of resolving radiocarbon levels to within about 3 parts per thousand, this project will investigate and quantify what is the appropriate南黎凡特和东地中海地区的放射性碳校准数据集（并量化任何与种植者相关的偏移的性质和规模）。这将为近东和东地中海的考古，早期历史和环境年代的基础既准确又精确。该项目将与康奈尔实验室（Cornell Laboratory）与美国东方研究（ACOR）在Amman，Jordan和Posteral Inderal corneral and Doctoral corn contrard and Doct and Doct and Do Clard and Do Clard and Do Clard and Do Clast and Do Clast and Do consecl and Do Clast and Do Clard and Do conserl and Do conseral and Do conserl and Do consect and Do Cornership cornell Laboratory对Jordan的现有合作研究，并将 实验室。亚利桑那大学加速器大学质谱（AMS）实验室在已知年龄树环样品上进行的放射性碳工作，将提供一个重要的机会，以测试和开发NSF赞助的NSF赞助的放射线核心工作中心的这一关键美国设施的准确性和精确度，从考古学到环境和地质范围的范围。