TWC: Small: Friendsourcing to Detect Network Manipulation

传统上，互联网上的安全一直关注边缘节点(主机)对其他主机和网络中间节点(路由器)构成的威胁。然而，近年来，可以看到越来越多的主机试图保护自己免受网络中间的攻击。例如，违反审查和网络中立性的行为属于网络操纵的一般类别。这个项目正在探索如何通过友谊外包来检测网络操纵，这是一种策略，个人使用他们的社交网络从朋友那里获得测量数据。该项目正在开发一个框架，通过涉及覆盖、工具和合作来促进这一基本分析机制。要获得覆盖范围，必须能够执行招募，在正确的网络位置找到一组主机。要部署仪器，必须在这些位置设置能够进行必要测量的软件系统。为了获得合作，有必要依靠好友来获得实现覆盖和使用工具所需的帮助。最初的研究使用基于亲密朋友和手动工具的有限覆盖。后来的研究使用了更广泛的覆盖面和更多的理论基础，更多的模块化工具，更弱的朋友关系和更多的参与者。研究综合运用了理论(覆盖范围)、软件架构(用于工具)和社交网络绑定(以评估合作程度)。这些研究为理解社交网络和友谊外包衡量互联网行为和解决网络操纵的能力提供了更好的基础。

Traditionally, security on the Internet has been concerned with threats posed by edge nodes (hosts) to other hosts and to the middle nodes of the network (routers). However, in recent years,a rising number of instances in which hosts seek to defend themselves against the middle of the network can be seen. Examples include censorship and network neutrality violations, which fall into a general category of ?network manipulation?.This project is exploring how to detect network manipulation through ?friendsourcing?, a strategy in which individuals use their social networks to get measurements from their friends. The project is developing a framework to facilitate this basic mechanism of analysis by addressing coverage, instrumentation, and co-operation. To obtain coverage, it must be possible to carry out recruitment that finds a collection of hosts in the right network locations. To deploy instrumentation, a software system capable of making the necessary measurements must be set up in such locations. To gain co-operation, it is necessary to rely on friending to get the help needed to realize the coverage and use the instrumentation.Initial studies use limited coverage based on close friending and manual instrumentation. Later studies use broader coverage with theoretical underpinnings, more modular instrumentation, weaker friending ties, and more participants. Studies use a blend of theory (of coverage), software architecture (for instrumentation) and social network binding (to assess levels of cooperation). These studies provide better foundations for understanding the capacity of social networks and friendsourcing to measure Internet behavior and address network manipulation.