Health Care Providers and Patient Interactions

卫生保健提供者和患者互动本项目建立在现有研究的基础上，该研究表明人口特征影响大多数社会互动和一系列生命过程结果。关于表型差异对卫生保健环境中相互作用质量的影响的争论仍在继续。为此，该项目研究了患者的特征如何影响与卫生保健提供者的互动。正在测试的中心假设是，医疗保健提供者与患者之间互动的内容和质量是否确实受到表型和肤色的影响。这项研究不仅允许在种族群体之间进行比较（例如，白人和非裔美国人），也允许在种族群体内部进行比较（例如，肤色较深的非裔美国人和拉丁美洲人）。为了验证这一假设，该项目依靠实地实验方法。具体而言，医学生与“标准化病人”（演员）进行病史访谈的录像带将被分析为语言和非语言互动动态。这个实地实验的好处是，它发生在一个现实的环境中，而不是在实验室里，但它仍然提供了一个标准化的遭遇在一个类似的环境。分析方法包括定量建模（HLM）。更广泛的影响这项研究的更广泛的影响可能会告诉我们，除了获得健康保险或预防性护理等众所周知的因素外，个人层面的相互作用如何影响健康结果的群体差异。研究结果可能不仅对政策制定者感兴趣，而且对负责制定培训、评估和干预计划的保险公司、医学界和医学院也感兴趣。该项目还扩大了代表性不足的群体和学生对stem相关研究的参与。

SES - 1226416Mary CampbellEllen FranklinAmal RahhalUniversity of IowaAbstractHealth Care Providers and Patient InteractionsThis project builds on extant research showing that demographic characteristics impact most social interactions and a range of life course outcomes. Debate continues about the impact of phenotypical differences on the quality of interactions in the health care context. To that end, the project examines how patient characteristics affect interactions with health care providers. The central hypothesis being tested is whether the content and quality of interactions between health care providers and their patients is indeed affected by phenotype and skin tone. The study permits comparisons not only between racial groups (e.g., whites and African Americans) but also within racial groups (e.g., darker- vs. lighter-skinned African Americans and Latino/as). To test this hypothesis, the project relies on field experiment methods. Specifically, videotapes of medical students practicing medical history interviews with "standardized patients" (actors) will be analyzed for both verbal and nonverbal interaction dynamics. The benefit of this field experiment is that it takes place in a realistic setting rather than a lab and yet it still provides a standardized encounter in a similar environment. Analysis methods include quantitative modeling (HLM).Broader ImpactsThe broader impacts of this research may inform our understanding of how individual-level interactions, in addition to well-understood factors like access to health insurance or preventative care, influence group disparities in health outcomes. Findings may be of interest not only to policy makers but to insurance providers, the medical community and medical schools charged with developing training, assessment, and intervention programs. The project also broadens the participation of underrepresented groups and students in STEM-related research.