Health Care Providers and Patient Interactions

SES-1226416Mary Campbell Ellen Franklin爱荷华州大学Amal Rahhala摘要医疗保健提供者和患者互动该项目建立在现有研究的基础上，该研究表明人口统计特征影响大多数社会互动和一系列生命过程结果。关于表型差异对卫生保健背景下交互作用质量的影响的争论仍在继续。为此，该项目调查了患者特征如何影响与医疗保健提供者的互动。正在测试的中心假设是，医疗保健提供者和他们的患者之间互动的内容和质量是否确实受到表型和肤色的影响。这项研究不仅允许在种族群体(例如，白人和非裔美国人)之间进行比较，也允许在种族群体(例如，肤色较深的非裔美国人与皮肤较浅的非裔美国人和拉丁裔/AS)之间进行比较。为了验证这一假设，该项目依赖于实地实验方法。具体地说，医学生练习与“标准化病人”(演员)进行病史访谈的录像带将被分析为言语和非言语互动的动态。这个实地实验的好处是，它是在现实的环境中进行的，而不是在实验室里进行的，但它仍然提供了在类似环境中的标准化遭遇。分析方法包括定量建模(HLM)。更广泛的影响这项研究的更广泛的影响可能会帮助我们理解个人层面的相互作用，除了众所周知的因素，如获得医疗保险或预防性护理，如何影响群体在健康结果方面的差异。研究结果可能不仅对政策制定者感兴趣，而且对保险提供者、医学界和负责制定培训、评估和干预计划的医学院也有兴趣。该项目还扩大了代表不足的群体和学生对STEM相关研究的参与。

SES - 1226416Mary CampbellEllen FranklinAmal RahhalUniversity of IowaAbstractHealth Care Providers and Patient InteractionsThis project builds on extant research showing that demographic characteristics impact most social interactions and a range of life course outcomes. Debate continues about the impact of phenotypical differences on the quality of interactions in the health care context. To that end, the project examines how patient characteristics affect interactions with health care providers. The central hypothesis being tested is whether the content and quality of interactions between health care providers and their patients is indeed affected by phenotype and skin tone. The study permits comparisons not only between racial groups (e.g., whites and African Americans) but also within racial groups (e.g., darker- vs. lighter-skinned African Americans and Latino/as). To test this hypothesis, the project relies on field experiment methods. Specifically, videotapes of medical students practicing medical history interviews with "standardized patients" (actors) will be analyzed for both verbal and nonverbal interaction dynamics. The benefit of this field experiment is that it takes place in a realistic setting rather than a lab and yet it still provides a standardized encounter in a similar environment. Analysis methods include quantitative modeling (HLM).Broader ImpactsThe broader impacts of this research may inform our understanding of how individual-level interactions, in addition to well-understood factors like access to health insurance or preventative care, influence group disparities in health outcomes. Findings may be of interest not only to policy makers but to insurance providers, the medical community and medical schools charged with developing training, assessment, and intervention programs. The project also broadens the participation of underrepresented groups and students in STEM-related research.