SEP: A Novel Method Using CO2 and Geothermal Resources for Sustainable Energy Production and Storage

SEP：利用二氧化碳和地热资源进行可持续能源生产和储存的新方法

• 批准号: 1230691
• 负责人: Martin Saar
• 金额: $ 190万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-15 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1230691&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SEP; Novel; Method; Using; CO2

The NSF Sustainable Energy pathways (SEP) Program, under the umbrella of the NSF Science, Engineering and Education for Sustainability (SEES) initiative, will support the research program of Prof. Martin O. Saar and co-workers at the University of Minnesota - Twin Cities. This project is motivated by the need to simultaneously reduce emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere while expanding the production of electricity, preferably using renewable resources. The project will develop CO2 Plume Geothermal (CPG) technology as a method to achieve both goals. CPG injects CO2 that is captured from a CO2 emitter (e.g., a coal-fired power plant) underground where the majority is permanently stored. CPG can also be used as an energy storage technique by compressing the CO2 into the subsurface reservoirs. In this case, slightly heated CO2 is circulated to the surface for electricity production to offset demand or to arbitrage prices. This is an approach to energy storage that uses CO2 to moderate differences in timing between the time electricity is produced by variable sources, such as wind and solar, and the time electricity is demanded by society. The objectives are to investigate the feasibility of CPG technology options, the implications of their deployment, the potential for broader spillovers, and the production educational material about geothermal energy, CPG, and their potential roles within the broader energy system.This project will enhance the transition to sustainable energy systems in part by training researchers in interdisciplinary teams and by raising the awareness of geothermal energy and CPG as parts of the low-carbon, renewable energy portfolio. The overall purpose of CPG is develop an environmentally benign energy source that uses fewer resources (e.g. water) and with less negative externalities (e.g., CO2 emissions) than conventional approaches. This research will thoroughly investigate environmental returns that can be gained by storing and using CO2 to produce electricity. In addition, investigations of CPG deployment produce fundamental understanding in areas of electricity market dynamics, decision science, the economics of low-carbon energy sources, and energy policy. In association with the Hubert Project at the Humphrey School of Public Affairs (www.hubertproject.org), a CPG case study detailing the challenges and benefits of developing geothermal energy into a significant sustainable energy resource will be developed. Interactive online visuals will be produced to explain CPG to the public and for use in undergraduate courses. Collabration with the University of Minnesota's Diversity and Outreach program will increase the diversity of the participants in this project.The transformative nature of the project involves its investigation of (a) CPG for economically storing CO2 and for using the stored CO2 to utilize geothermal energy to produce electricity and/or distribute heat, (b) the economic, financial, and operational issues of CPG technology development and commercial deployment, and (c) how the CPG technology may enable the deployment of other renewable and low-carbon energy technologies. If successful, this project will produce the understanding necessary for the development of a new environmentally benign approach to energy production or storage. The understanding and awareness of the challenges and opportunities for increasing the sustainability of renewable energy systems will be increased. In addition, the CPG technology has the potential to make carbon sequestration economically possible, thereby mitigating global warming.

NSF可持续能源途径（SEP）计划，在NSF科学，工程和可持续发展教育（SEES）倡议的保护伞下，将支持马丁·O·马丁教授的研究计划。萨尔和同事在明尼苏达大学双城分校。该项目的动机是需要同时减少二氧化碳（CO2）排放到大气中，同时扩大电力生产，最好使用可再生资源。 该项目将开发CO2羽流生成器（CPG）技术，作为实现这两个目标的方法。CPG注入从CO2发射器（例如，燃煤发电厂）的地下，其中大部分是永久储存。CPG还可以通过将CO2压缩到地下储层中来用作能量储存技术。在这种情况下，稍微加热的二氧化碳被循环到地表用于发电，以抵消需求或套利价格。 这是一种储能方法，它使用二氧化碳来调节风能和太阳能等可变能源产生电力的时间与社会需求电力的时间之间的差异。 目标是调查CPG技术选择的可行性，其部署的影响，更广泛的溢出潜力，以及关于地热能的生产教育材料，CPG，该项目将促进向可持续能源系统的过渡，部分办法是培训跨学科小组的研究人员，提高对地热能的认识，CPG作为低碳可再生能源组合的一部分。 CPG的总体目标是开发一种环境友好的能源，使用更少的资源（例如水）和更少的负外部性（例如，二氧化碳排放量）高于传统方法。这项研究将彻底调查通过储存和使用二氧化碳发电可以获得的环境回报。此外，对CPG部署的调查在电力市场动态，决策科学，低碳能源经济和能源政策等领域产生了基本的理解。与汉弗莱公共事务学院的休伯特项目（www.hubertproject.org）合作，将开发一个CPG案例研究，详细说明将地热能开发成一种重要的可持续能源的挑战和好处。 将制作互动式在线视觉效果，向公众解释CPG，并用于本科课程。 与明尼苏达大学的多样性和外展计划的合作将增加该项目参与者的多样性。该项目的变革性质涉及其调查（a）CPG用于经济地储存CO2并使用储存的CO2利用地热能发电和/或分配热量，（B）经济，财务，（c）中央煤气系统技术可如何促进其他可再生及低碳能源技术的应用。 如果成功，该项目将为开发一种新的环境友好的能源生产或储存方法提供必要的理解。将提高对提高可再生能源系统可持续性的挑战和机遇的理解和认识。此外，CPG技术有可能使碳封存在经济上成为可能，从而减缓全球变暖。