Toward Efficient and Distributed Cyber-Physical Systems Design for the Smart Electric Power Grid

目的：本研究的目的是开发高效、分布式的网络物理系统，以最大限度地提高电网的可靠性和稳定性。研究将集中在三个相互依赖的方面：1)开发用于无功控制和潮流优化的高效快速收敛的一阶和二阶分布式算法；2)开发具有有效路由和调度决策的截止日期受限的分布式数据聚合方案；以及3)使电网监测网络作为一个集成的传感、通信和计算基础设施进行优化部署。智力优势：智力优势在于利用网络物理基础设施提供的额外智能来实现新的无功控制方案，这可能会对稳定可靠的智能电网的发展产生潜在的变革。高效的分布式控制算法将被开发出来，要么保证快速收敛速度，要么具有所需的延迟特性。这项研究将提供一种新的算法基础和网络架构/协议，使智能电网中实现低延迟和完全分布式的无功控制。广泛的影响：该研究将为传统的功率控制问题注入全新的网络物理视角。它将推动电力系统分布式控制理论的发展，为显着提高电网的可靠性和稳定性提供及时的解决方案。私营机构会在课堂上介绍相关的研究成果，并透过为网络和电力工程界举办研讨会，积极分享研究成果。该项目将进一步促进对少数族裔学生的培训，并帮助为未来的网络和电力劳动力做好准备。

Objective: The objective of this research is to develop efficient and distributed cyber-physical systems so as to maximize the potential of improving the reliability and stability of the power grid. Research will be focused on three inter-dependent thrusts: 1) developing efficient fast-converging first-order and second-order distributed algorithms for reactive power control and flow optimization; 2) developing deadline-constrained distributed data aggregation schemes with efficient routing and scheduling decisions; and 3) enabling the optimal deployment of the grid monitoring network as an integrated sensing, communication and computing infrastructure. Intellectual merit: The intellectual merit lies in the theme of enabling new reactive power control schemes with the additional intelligence afforded by the cyber-physical infrastructure, which can be potentially transformative to the development of stable and reliable smart power grid. Efficient distributed control algorithms will be developed with either guaranteed fast convergence speed or desired delay characteristics. The research will provide a novel algorithmic foundation and networking architectures/protocols that enable low-latency and fully distributed reactive power control in smart grids.Broader impacts: The research will infuse traditional power control problems with a brand-new cyber-physical perspective. It will advance the distributed control theory in power systems and provide timely solutions to significantly improve the reliability and stability of the power grids. The PIs will introduce related research results to classrooms and actively share their findings by giving seminars to both the cyber and power engineering communities. The project will further facilitate training of minority students and help prepare the future cyber and power workforce.