Synthesis of Gradient Biomaterials for Implants by Laser Direct Deposition and Sintering

该补助金提供资金，以建立一种方法，并了解其基本机制，使用三维直接激光沉积和烧结制造功能和结构梯度纳米复合材料。 所得到的材料将被设计为紧密匹配天然骨的特性。生物相容性、骨传导性、先进的成分和结构梯度植入生物材料将由镍钛诺和钛基纳米复合材料构成。 多层激光涂覆工艺将在金属基底上形成功能梯度纳米复合涂层。 将发展多尺度、多物理场模型来模拟激光直接沉积和激光烧结过程。合成的梯度生物材料将表征其机械特性、物理和生物学特性。 研究了不同工艺参数对涂层性能的影响，以了解并找到良好界面性能和细胞-材料相互作用的工艺窗口。 如果成功，该项目将产生一种关键的使能技术，将生物材料的进步融入制造中，从而显著改善骨科行业的植入物。 所提出的一步工艺有可能大大减少制造时间和成本。该项目将带来对这种生物复合材料在植入物性能中的行为的更好理解。 计算机模拟将建立一个更深入的了解激光沉积的多组分粉末和激光束之间的相互作用，他们在熔池中的行为和凝固。 实验和多物理场模拟将联合收割机相结合，为智能材料和纳米复合粉体的低温加工提供重要的科学依据。

This grant provides funding to establish a methodology and to understand its fundamental mechanisms for manufacturing functionally and structurally gradient nanocomposites using three dimensional direct laser deposition and sintering. The resulting material will be designed to closely match the characteristics of natural bone. Biocompatible, osteoconductive, advanced compositionally and structurally gradient implant biomaterials will be constructed with nitinol and titanium-based nanocomposites. A multi-layer laser coating process will form functionally gradient nanoscale nanocomposite coatings on metal substrates. Multi-scale, multi-physics modeling will be developed to simulate the laser direct deposition and laser sintering processes. The synthesized gradient biomaterials will be characterized for their mechanical characteristics, physical and biological properties. Influences of different processing parameters on the coating properties will be studied to understand and find a processing window for good interfacial property and cell-materials interaction. If successful, this project will result in a key enabling technology for integrating advances in biomaterials into manufacturing that lead to significantly improved implants for the orthopedic industry. The proposed one-step process has the potential to drastically reduce manufacturing time and cost. This project will bring about an improved understanding of this bio-composite material behavior in the performance of implants. The computer modeling will build a deeper understanding of laser deposition on the interaction between multi-component powders and the laser beam, their behavior in a molten pool and solidification. The experiments and multiphysics modeling will combine to provide a critical scientific basis for low temperature processing of smart materials and nanocomposite powders.