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Contribution of ectomycorrhizal fungi to the formation and mobilization of soil organic matter (SOM)

外生菌根真菌对土壤有机质（SOM）形成和动员的贡献

基本信息

批准号：
207698243
负责人：
Privatdozent Dr. Thomas Fester
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department Umweltmikrobiologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2011
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2010-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/207698243?language=en
关键词：
Contribution ectomycorrhizal fungi formation mobilization

项目摘要

In forest ecosystems ectomycorrhizal fungi are responsible for the mobilization of mineral nutrients from soil organic matter (SOM) resulting in a marked increase in productivity of their symbiotic host plants. In return the fungi obtain a significant amount of photosynthetic products from these plants, allowing the formation of an extensive hyphal system. These hyphae constitute a major part of soil biomass and, ultimately, a major source for SOM formation. While plant-fungal nutrient exchange has been analyzed extensively, this proposal is focused on the fungal contribution to SOM formation and on the processes leading to the acquisition of nutrients by the fungi. These two processes will be studied separately and in a quantitative way using isotopic labeling in soil bioreactors. Analysis of the fate of 13C labeled fungal material (Laccaria bicolor) in soil bioreactors will tell how fast and to what extent the various fractions of hyphal biomass are transformed into non-living SOM. As potential molecular or structural markers for SOM formation from fungal hyphae we will analyze characteristic remnants of fungal hyphae in SOM using scanning electron microscopy, DNAfragments using a PCR approach for the fungal rRNA internal transcribed spacerregions and biochemical markers like fatty acids and ergosterol. The impact of ectomycorrhizal mycelia supported by Pinus sylvestris plantlets on 13C- and 15N-labeled SOM and on microbial biomass will be analyzed in separate soil bioreactor experiments.

在森林生态系统中，外生菌根真菌负责从土壤有机质（SOM）中调动矿质养分，从而显着提高共生宿主植物的生产力。作为回报，真菌从这些植物中获得大量的光合产物，从而形成广泛的菌丝系统。这些菌丝构成了土壤生物量的主要部分，并最终成为 SOM 形成的主要来源。虽然植物-真菌养分交换已被广泛分析，但该提案的重点是真菌对 SOM 形成的贡献以及导致真菌获取养分的过程。这两个过程将利用土壤生物反应器中的同位素标记进行单独和定量的研究。对土壤生物反应器中 13C 标记的真菌材料（Laccaria bicolor）的命运进行分析将了解菌丝生物量的各个部分转化为非生命 SOM 的速度和程度。作为真菌菌丝形成 SOM 的潜在分子或结构标记，我们将使用扫描电子显微镜分析 SOM 中真菌菌丝的特征残留物，使用 PCR 方法分析真菌 rRNA 内转录间隔区的 DNA 片段以及脂肪酸和麦角甾醇等生化标记。樟子松幼苗支持的外生菌根菌丝体对 13C 和 15N 标记的 SOM 以及微生物生物量的影响将在单独的土壤生物反应器实验中进行分析。