Collaborative Research: Suspended particle geochemistry along the US GEOTRACES Eastern Pacific Zonal Transect, from high productivity ocean margin to deep sea hydrothermal plume

合作研究：沿美国 GEOTRACES 东太平洋纬向断面的悬浮颗粒地球化学，从高产海洋边缘到深海热液羽流

• 批准号: 1235248
• 负责人: Chris German
• 金额: $ 10.13万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1235248&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Suspended; particle; geochemistry

During the 2013 GEOTRACES Eastern Pacific cruise a diverse range of oceanic environments will be encountered from the high productivity/high particle flux waters off Peru to the Peru-Chile oxygen minimum zone, the hydrothermal plume of the East Pacific Rise, and finally to some of the most oligotrophic waters around Tahiti. Scientists from Rutgers University and Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution will sample suspended particulates from the same GO-Flo bottles that will be used to sample dissolved trace metals and their isotopes (TEIs) across this entire transect. The suspended matter samples will be analyzed for 42 elements, including the particle-reactive rare earth elements. In addition, core-top sediments will be collected at every water-column sampling station and analyzed for both bulk composition (i.e., relative % content of organic carbon, opal, biogenic carbonate and lithogenic components) and the same 42 elements to be analyzed in the suspended particulates. Results from this study will be used to assess the role of suspended particulates in the biogeochemical cycling of TEIs across the Eastern Pacific by addressing three key sets of questions: (1) How does uptake of TEIs into phytoplankton and non-living particles in the upper ocean drive the suspended particulate composition through the deeper water column, along the substantial gradient from the high productivity Peru margin to the oligotrophic ocean interior?; (2) How faithfully is the along-transect variability in the upper ocean transmitted to the sediment (paleo) record?; (3) What are the relative influences of vertical recycling versus lateral advection in generating the distributions of dissolved and particulate TEIs observed in the Peru-Chile OMZ?; (4) Is there a characteristic signature of OMZ activity that is preserved in core-top sediments?; (5) What dominates TEI uptake onto/into authigenic particles in hydrothermal plumes and to what extent are these processes augmented by continuing uptake in core-top sediments?; and (6) What is the net effect from submarine venting on global TEI budgets?As regards broader impacts, the scientist from Rutgers University is collaborating with the Education Director of the Centers for Ocean Science Education Excellence Networked Ocean World (COSEE-NOW) to contribute to the MARE (Marine Activities, Resources, and Education) program by inviting teachers and high school students to workshops and presentations on climate and ocean sciences. With the help of COSEE-NOW, he also plans to create educational video clips during the Pacific cruise and the subsequent laboratory based analytical work to educate them on the use of geochemistry to understand how the ocean works. Both scientists also plan to develop a teaching module entitled "Particles, Metals, and Carbon" for an Introduction to Oceanography class taught by the Rutgers scientist. One postdoc from Rutgers University would be supported and trained as part of this project.

在 2013 年 GEOTRACES 东太平洋航行期间，将会遇到各种各样的海洋环境，从秘鲁近海的高生产力/高颗粒通量水域到秘鲁-智利氧气最低区、东太平洋海隆的热液羽流，最后到塔希提岛周围一些最贫营养的水域。 罗格斯大学和伍兹霍尔海洋研究所的科学家将从同一个 GO-Flo 瓶中对悬浮颗粒进行采样，该瓶将用于对整个横断面溶解的微量金属及其同位素 (TEI) 进行采样。 将分析悬浮物样本中的 42 种元素，其中包括与粒子反应的稀土元素。 此外，将在每个水柱采样站收集岩心顶部沉积物，并分析其总体成分（即有机碳、蛋白石、生物碳酸盐和成岩成分的相对百分比含量）以及悬浮颗粒中待分析的 42 种相同元素。这项研究的结果将用于通过解决三组关键问题来评估悬浮颗粒在东太平洋 TEI 生物地球化学循环中的作用：（1）上层海洋中的浮游植物和非生命颗粒吸收 TEI 如何驱动悬浮颗粒成分穿过更深的水柱，沿着从高生产力秘鲁边缘到贫营养海洋的显着梯度 内部的？; (2) 上层海洋沿横断面的变化传递到沉积物（古）记录的真实程度如何？ (3) 在秘鲁-智利 OMZ 观测到的溶解和颗粒 TEI 分布中，垂直再循环与横向平流的相对影响是什么？ (4) 岩心顶部沉积物中是否保留了 OMZ 活动的特征特征？ (5) 热液羽流中的自生颗粒对 TEI 的吸收起主导作用，以及这些过程在多大程度上因岩心顶部沉积物的持续吸收而增强？ (6) 潜艇排气对全球 TEI 预算的净影响是什么？在更广泛的影响方面，罗格斯大学的科学家正在与海洋科学教育卓越网络世界中心 (COSEE-NOW) 的教育总监合作，邀请教师和高中生参加有关气候和海洋科学的研讨会和演讲，为 MARE（海洋活动、资源和教育）计划做出贡献。 在 COSEE-NOW 的帮助下，他还计划在太平洋巡航期间以及随后基于实验室的分析工作制作教育视频剪辑，以教育他们如何利用地球化学来了解海洋的运作方式。 两位科学家还计划为罗格斯大学科学家教授的海洋学概论课程开发一个题为“粒子、金属和碳”的教学模块。 作为该项目的一部分，罗格斯大学的一名博士后将得到支持和培训。