IIASA Young Scientists Summer Program: Health Transitions and Social Capital in Sub-Saharan Africa
IIASA 青年科学家暑期项目:撒哈拉以南非洲的健康转型和社会资本
基本信息
- 批准号:1241147
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 0.8万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Fellowship Award
- 财政年份:2012
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2012-06-01 至 2012-11-30
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
The proposed work as an International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis (IIASA) Young Summer Scientist Program (YSSP) participant would extend the research by investigating the micro-level impact of social capital factors on the aging process by application of a novel methodological approach. The intellectual merit of the YSSP research collaboration with Warren Sanderson and Vegard Skirbekk is to address the fact that existing methodologies for multi-state life table (MSLT) calculation using longitudinal data are not able to incorporate time-varying covariates into analysis. In the context of sub-Saharan Africa (SSA), disaggregating individuals into meaningful sub-categories by time-invariant factors is difficult though age, sex, education, and regional differences may play a substantial role in the aging process, time-varying factors such as HIV status, presence of adult children (and their HIV status), marital status, and agricultural profits may also be important for healthy aging. MSLT models allow for the modeling of the complex processes of disablement and recovery inherent to the aging process, and generate expectancies of years lived in various categorizations of disability. Though not fully developed or widely used, Yang & Hall (2008) propose a potentially useful method of incorporating time-varying factors into a MSLT model using a simultaneous equations approach to limited dependent variable modeling. During the time at IIASA, the student would further develop and apply this method for incorporating time-varying covariates into MSLT calculation, and analyze how these covariates may reduce/delay disability onset and increase survivorship. The YSSP research will directly contribute to dissertation plans, as well as addressing a broader impact that is in substantial need of further research. Aging in SSA is an issue that will be of increasing importance in the near future--the population of adults aged 45+ will grow more rapidly in the next decades than that of any younger 10-year age group in many SSA countries, and currently available data suggest that mortality rates from chronic, disabling disease in SSA are higher than almost all other regions of the world (WHO 2005). Functional disability is an exceedingly important topic in rural communities of the developing world, where government-based social services may be lacking or nonexistent. Beyond the basics of population health, extremely little is known about processes of disability, morbidity, and mortality in these populations. Currently existing research on aging in the developing world has not been able to give a comprehensive overview of the transition pathways from healthy life to disability to death. The research will focus on how processes of aging and the development of functional disabilities play out in SSA. In particular, the focus would be on how these processes may differ by individual-level characteristics, something which has received very little previous research in this context. The primary aim of the proposed work is to remedy this blank area of our knowledge of health, disability, and the life course in SSA, both to contribute to the scholarly community and identify areas of need where donors/policymakers could effect change.
作为国际应用系统分析研究所(IIASA)青年暑期科学家计划(YSSP)的参与者,本研究将通过应用一种新颖的方法来调查社会资本因素对老龄化过程的微观影响,从而扩展研究范围。与Warren Sanderson和Vegard Skirbekk合作的YSSP研究的知识价值在于解决了现有的使用纵向数据计算多状态生命表(MSLT)的方法无法将时变协变量纳入分析的事实。在撒哈拉以南非洲(SSA)的背景下,虽然年龄、性别、教育和区域差异可能在老龄化过程中发挥重要作用,但通过时不变因素将个体分解为有意义的子类别是困难的,但时变因素,如艾滋病毒状况、成年子女的存在(及其艾滋病毒状况)、婚姻状况和农业利润对健康老龄化也可能很重要。MSLT模型允许对衰老过程中固有的残疾和恢复的复杂过程进行建模,并生成各种残疾类别的预期寿命。Yang & Hall(2008)提出了一种可能有用的方法,将时变因素纳入MSLT模型,虽然没有得到充分发展或广泛应用,但使用联立方程方法进行有限因变量建模。在IIASA期间,学生将进一步发展和应用该方法,将时变协变量纳入MSLT计算,并分析这些协变量如何减少/延迟残疾发作和提高生存率。YSSP研究将直接有助于论文计划,以及解决更广泛的影响,是在进一步研究的实质性需要。SSA的老龄化问题在不久的将来将变得越来越重要————在许多SSA国家,45岁以上的成年人人口在未来几十年的增长速度将超过任何10岁以下年龄组的增长速度,目前可获得的数据表明,SSA的慢性致残疾病死亡率几乎高于世界上所有其他区域(世卫组织,2005年)。在发展中国家的农村社区,功能性残疾是一个极其重要的话题,在那里,政府为基础的社会服务可能缺乏或根本不存在。除了基本的人口健康之外,对这些人口的残疾、发病率和死亡率的过程所知甚少。目前关于发展中国家老龄化问题的现有研究未能全面概述从健康生活到残疾再到死亡的过渡途径。研究将集中在SSA的衰老过程和功能障碍的发展。特别是,重点将放在这些过程如何因个人层面的特征而有所不同,这在这方面以前的研究很少。拟议工作的主要目的是弥补我们在健康、残疾和社会福利生活过程方面的知识空白,既为学术界作出贡献,又确定捐助者/决策者可以影响变革的需要领域。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Collin Payne其他文献
Teaching Adversarial Machine Learning: Educating the Next Generation of Technical and Security Professionals
教授对抗性机器学习:教育下一代技术和安全专业人员
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2020 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Collin Payne;Edward J. Glantz - 通讯作者:
Edward J. Glantz
A method for evaluating and selecting field experiment locations
- DOI:
10.1007/s11002-014-9345-7 - 发表时间:
2015-01-14 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2.500
- 作者:
David Trafimow;James M. Leonhardt;Mihai Niculescu;Collin Payne - 通讯作者:
Collin Payne
Renal mass imaging modalities: does body mass index (BMI) matter?
肾脏质量成像方式:体重指数 (BMI) 重要吗?
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2024 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:2
- 作者:
Young Son;Mark E. Quiring;Raeann M. Dalton;Brian Thomas;Noah Davidson;Dayna Devincentz;Collin Payne;Sahil H Parikh;B. Fink;Thomas Mueller;Gordon Brown - 通讯作者:
Gordon Brown
Demography and COVID-19: risks, responses and impacts
- DOI:
10.1007/s12546-022-09294-4 - 发表时间:
2022-09-17 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1.200
- 作者:
Santosh Jatrana;Jeromey Temple;Tom Wilson;Collin Payne - 通讯作者:
Collin Payne
Collin Payne的其他文献
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