Cosmological Research with the 10-meter South Pole Telescope

该奖项的首要目标是继续使用10米南极射电望远镜（SPT）进行天体物理观测，以及支持尖端科学发现和对望远镜数据的研究分析。未来5年SPT研究计划包括三个主要部分：(1)继续对最近完成的2500平方公里的SPT数据产品进行科学分析和公开发布。Sunyaev-Zeldovich CMB测量；(2)利用最近部署的偏振敏感相机SPT-POL进行3年的CMB观测，包括数据分析和公开发布；(3)新的SPT- 3g相机的开发和部署，以及两年的观测，通过对SPT光学系统和多频偏振敏感的15234个探测器的重大升级，将提供超过一个数量级的天空测绘速度提高。该观测计划的每个阶段的数据将用于改进宇宙学模型和广义相对论框架的测试，对描述早期宇宙和中微子扇区的参数进行越来越精确的约束，绘制大尺度结构，表征再电离，并提供大质量星系团，高红移透镜星系和其他来源的目录。这一系列的科学解决了宇宙学和物理学中一些最引人注目的问题，这些问题一直是几个国家报告的重点。特别值得一提的是，2010年天文和天体物理学十年调查建议开发新的仪器和观测来探索宇宙微波背景辐射的极化。通过出版物和数据发布，这一雄心勃勃的技术发展和科学研究计划的成果将与社会分享。拟议的活动将研究生和本科教育与技术发展、天文观测和科学分析结合起来，有助于培养下一代科学家。通过将研究活动引入本科课堂，研究和教育也相结合。通过一个完善的教育网络，与非科学家分享前沿研究成果的范围已扩展到大学之外，该网络覆盖了教育连续体各个层次的广泛受众。通过与博物馆的合作和新媒体，SPT的推广和教育工作将在个性化体验的同时覆盖大量个人。

An overarching goal of this award is to continue astrophysical observations with the 10-meter South Pole Radio Telescope (SPT), as well as to support cutting-edge scientific discoveries and research analyses of telescope's data. The SPT research program for the next five years consists of three major parts: (1) the continued scientific analysis of, and public release of data products from, the recently completed 2500 sq. deg. Sunyaev-Zeldovich CMB survey; (2) three years of CMB observations with the recently deployed polarization sensitive camera, SPT-POL, including analysis and public release of data; and (3) the development and deployment of, and two years of observation with the new camera SPT-3G that, through a major upgrade to the SPT optics and a multi-chroic polarization-sensitive 15,234 detectors, will provide over an order of magnitude increase in the sky mapping speed. The data from each stage of this observation program will be used to improve tests of cosmological models and the framework of General Relativity, place increasingly precise constraints on the parameters describing the early Universe and the neutrino sector, map large-scale structure, characterize reionization, and provide catalogs of massive galaxy clusters, high-redshift lensed galaxies, and other sources. This range of science addresses some of the most compelling questions in cosmology and physics that have been the focus of several national reports. In particular, the 2010 Astronomy & Astrophysics Decadal Survey recommended the development of new instrumentation and observations to explore the CMB polarization. Through publications and data releases, the results of this ambitious program of technical development and scientific research will be shared with the community. The proposed activities contribute to the training of the next generation of scientists by integrating graduate and undergraduate education with technology development, astronomical observations, and scientific analyses. Research and education are also integrated by bringing research activities into the undergraduate classroom. The sharing of forefront research with non-scientists is extended beyond the university through a well-established educational network that reaches a wide audience at all levels of the educational continuum. Through museum partnerships and new media, the SPT outreach and educational efforts will reach large numbers of individuals while personalizing the experience.