Mid-scale RI-1 (M1:DP): Consortium Proposal for CMB-S4 Design Development

中型 RI-1 (M1:DP)：CMB-S4 设计开发联盟提案

• 批准号: 1935892
• 负责人: John Carlstrom
• 金额: $ 398.42万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-10-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1935892&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Mid; scale; RI; M1; DP

The search for primordial gravitational waves as direct evidence for cosmic Inflation is one of the most important goals of fundamental physics and cosmology today. This goal has long been recognized as a top research priority for the astrophysics community, as recommended by the NRC's "Quarks to the Cosmos" report (2003), the Astronomy and Astrophysics Decadal Survey (2010), and the Particle Physics Project Prioritization Panel (P5), Building for Discovery: Strategic Plan for U.S. Particle Physics in the Global Context (2014). The cosmic microwave background (CMB) research is also selected as one of the strategic priorities for Antarctic Sciences. The CMB Stage 4 (CMB-S4) program represents a coming-together of almost the entire U.S. community of CMB researchers. This program is built on decades of CMB measurements from the ground, and it will be a major thrust of the CMB community for the next two decades. CMB-S4 will use the technologies developed from the considerable investment made in CMB science to date, extending them to far larger scales, both to cross critical science thresholds in our understanding of the Universe and to provide a powerful and unique millimeter-wave survey covering 80% of the sky at high cadence over seven years to serve the worldwide astronomical community in the era in which multi-wavelength and multi- messenger astrophysics is a path to new understanding and discoveries.This award will support an Interim Project Office (IPO) tasked with developing the CMB-S4 program through the MREFC-scale "Preliminary Design Phase". The CMB-S4 "Strawperson Concept" was accepted by the Astronomy & Astrophysics Advisory Committee that advises NSF, DOE, and NASA. The award's results will be reviewed by the joint NSF/DOE panel for readiness to move forward to the equivalent of the "Final Design Phase" as an NSF/MREFC and DOE/MIE project. CMB-S4 telescopes will be deployed at the South Pole Station (Antarctica) and the Atacama Plateau (Chile). With its large increase in sensitivity, CMB-S4 will transform understanding of the origin and evolution of the Universe and the underlying physical laws that govern it. The CMB-S4 program will cross critical thresholds in testing the theory of Inflation, determining the number and total masses of neutrinos, constraining possible new light relic particles, providing precise constraints on the nature of Dark Energy, and testing General Relativity on large scales. This award addresses and advances the science objectives and goals of the NSF's "Windows on the Universe: The Era of Multi-Messenger Astrophysics" program. This award is supported by the Foundation-wide Mid-scale Research Infrastructure program and will be managed by the Office of Polar Programs within the Directorate for Geosciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

寻找原初引力波作为宇宙暴胀的直接证据是当今基础物理学和宇宙学最重要的目标之一。这一目标长期以来一直被认为是天体物理学界的首要研究重点，如NRC的“夸克到宇宙”报告（2003年），天文学和天体物理学十年调查（2010年）和粒子物理项目优先级小组（P5），为发现而建设：全球背景下的美国粒子物理战略计划（2014年）。宇宙微波背景研究也被选为南极科学的战略重点之一。CMB第4阶段（CMB-S4）计划代表了几乎整个美国CMB研究人员社区的聚集。该计划建立在数十年的地面中巴测量基础上，它将成为未来二十年中巴社区的主要推动力。CMB-S4将使用迄今为止在CMB科学方面进行的大量投资所开发的技术，将其扩展到更大的规模，既要跨越我们对宇宙的理解的关键科学门槛，又要提供一个强大而独特的毫米波调查，覆盖80%的天空，在七年内以高节奏为全球天文学界服务，在这个时代，多波长和多波长信使天体物理学是一条通往新的理解和发现的道路。该奖项将支持一个临时项目办公室（IPO），其任务是通过MREC规模的“初步设计阶段”开发CMB-S4计划。CMB-S4“稻草人概念”被天文天体物理学咨询委员会接受，该委员会为NSF，DOE和NASA提供建议。该奖项的结果将由NSF/DOE联合小组进行审查，以准备进入相当于NSF/MREFC和DOE/MIE项目的“最终设计阶段”。CMB-S4望远镜将部署在南极站（南极洲）和阿塔卡马高原（智利）。随着其灵敏度的大幅提高，CMB-S4将改变对宇宙起源和演化以及支配它的基本物理定律的理解。CMB-S4计划将在测试暴胀理论，确定中微子的数量和总质量，限制可能的新光遗迹粒子，提供对暗能量性质的精确限制，并在大尺度上测试广义相对论。该奖项旨在解决和推进NSF的“宇宙之窗：多信使天体物理学时代”计划的科学目标和目标。该奖项由基金会范围内的中型研究基础设施项目支持，并将由地球科学理事会极地项目办公室管理。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Sidelobe modeling and mitigation for a three mirror anastigmat cosmic microwave background telescope

三镜消像散宇宙微波背景望远镜的旁瓣建模和缓解

• DOI: 10.1364/ao.488454
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Applied Optics
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Gullett, Ian;Benson, Bradford;Besuner, Robert;Bihary, Richard;Carlstrom, John;Emerson, Nick;Gallardo, Patricio A.;Gomez, Jillian;King, Cesiley L.;McMahon, Jeff
• 通讯作者: McMahon, Jeff

Conceptual design of the modular detector and readout system for the CMB-S4 survey experiment

CMB-S4巡天实验模块化探测器和读出系统的概念设计

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2630494
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
• 作者: Barron, Darcy;Ahmed, Zeeshan;Aguilar, Jessica;Anderson, Adam;Baker, Carina;Barry, Peter;Beall, James;Bender, Amy;Benson, Bradford;Besuner, Robert
• 通讯作者: Besuner, Robert

Design, planning, and performance of the CMB-S4 experiment

CMB-S4 实验的设计、规划和执行

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2636149
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
• 作者: Besuner, Robert W.

CMB-S4: Forecasting Constraints on Primordial Gravitational Waves

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac1596
• 发表时间: 2020-08
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: The CMB-S4 Collaboration Kevork Abazajian;G. Addison;Peter Adshead;Z. Ahmed;D. Akerib;Aamir Ali;S. Allen;D. Alonso;M. Alvarez;M. Amin;A. Anderson;K. Arnold;P. Ashton;C. Baccigalupi;D. Bard;D. Barkats;D. Barron;P. Barry;J. Bartlett;R. Thakur;N. Battaglia;R. Bean;C. Bebek;A. Bender;B. Benson;F. Bianchini;C. Bischoff;L. Bleem;J. Bock;S. Bocquet;K. Boddy;J. Bond;J. Borrill;F. Bouchet;T. Brinckmann;Michael L. Brown;S. Bryan;V. Buza;K. Byrum;Carlos Hervias Caimapo;E. Calabrese;Victoria Calafut;R. Caldwell;J. Carlstrom;J. Carron;T. Cecil;A. Challinor;C. Chang;Y. Chinone;Hsiao-mei Cho.;A. Cooray;W. Coulton;T. Crawford;A. Crites;A. Cukierman;F. Cyr-Racine;T. Haan;J. Delabrouille;M. Devlin;E. D. Valentino;M. Dierickx;M. Dobbs;S. Duff;J. Dunkley;C. Dvorkin;J. Eimer;T. Elleflot;J. Errard;T. Essinger-Hileman;G. Fabbian;C. Feng;S. Ferraro;J. Filippini;R. Flauger;B. Flaugher;A. Fraisse;A. Frolov;N. Galitzki;P. Gallardo;S. Galli;K. Ganga;M. Gerbino;V. Gluscevic;N. Goeckner-wald;D. Green;D. Grin;E. Grohs;R. Gualtieri;J. Gudmundsson;I. Gullett;N. Gupta;S. Habib;M. Halpern;N. Halverson;S. Hanany;K. Harrington;M. Hasegawa;M. Hasselfield;M. Hazumi;K. Heitmann;S. Henderson;B. Hensley;C. Hill;J. Hill;R. Hložek;S. Ho;T. Hoang;G. Holder;W. Holzapfel;J. Hood;J. Hubmayr;K. Huffenberger;H. Hui;K. Irwin;O. Jeong;Bradley R. Johnson;W. Jones;Jae Hwan Kang;K. Karkare;N. Katayama;R. Keskitalo;T. Kisner;L. Knox;B. Koopman;A. Kosowsky;J. Kovac;E. Kovetz;S. Kuhlmann;C. Kuo;A. Kusaka;A. Lahteenmaki;C. Lawrence;Adrian T. Lee;A. Lewis;Dale Li;E. Linder;M. Loverde;A. Lowitz;P. Lubin;M. Madhavacheril;A. Mantz;G. Marques;F. Matsuda;P. Mauskopf;H. McCarrick;J. McMahon;P. Meerburg;J. Melin;F. Menanteau;Joel Meyers;M. Millea;J. Mohr;L. Moncelsi;M. Monzani;T. Mroczkowski;S. Mukherjee;J. Nagy;T. Namikawa;F. Nati;T. Natoli;L. Newburgh;M. Niemack;H. Nishino;B. Nord;V. Novosad;R. O’Brient;S. Padin;S. Palladino;B. Partridge;D. Petravick;E. Pierpaoli;L. Pogosian;K. Prabhu;C. Pryke;G. Puglisi;B. Racine;A. Rahlin;M. S. Rao;M. Raveri;C. Reichardt;M. Remazeilles;G. Rocha;N. Roe;A. Roy;J. Ruhl;M. Salatino;B. Saliwanchik;E. Schaan;A. Schillaci;B. Schmitt;M. Schmittfull;D. Scott;N. Sehgal;S. Shandera;B. Sherwin;E. Shirokoff;S. Simon;A. Slosar;D. Spergel;T. S. Germaine;S. Staggs;A. Stark;G. Starkman;R. Stompor;C. Stoughton;A. Suzuki;O. Tajima;G. Teply;K. Thompson;B. Thorne;P. Timbie;M. Tomasi;M. Tristram;G. Tucker;C. Umilta;A. V. Engelen;E. Vavagiakis;J. Vieira;A. Vieregg;K. Wagoner;B. Wallisch;Gensheng Wang;S. Watson;B. Westbrook;N. Whitehorn;Edward J. Wollack;W. L. K. Wu;Zhilei Xu;H. Yang;S. Yasini;V. Yefremenko;K. Yoon;E. Young;Cyndia Yu;A. Zonca

Review of radio frequency interference and potential impacts on the CMB-S4 cosmic microwave background survey

射频干扰及其对CMB-S4宇宙微波背景调查的潜在影响回顾

• DOI: 10.1117/12.2629651
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation
• 作者: Barron, Darcy;Bender, Amy N.;Birdwell, Ian;Carlstrom, John;Delabrouille, Jacques;Guns, Sam T.;Kovac, John M.;Lawrence, Charles R.;Paine, Scott N.;Whitehorn, Nathan
• 通讯作者: Whitehorn, Nathan