SBIR Phase I: Single Ion Conductor Gel Electrolytes for High Power Rechargeable Lithium Ion Batteries with Enhanced Safety

SBIR 第一阶段：用于高功率可充电锂离子电池的单离子导体凝胶电解质，安全性更高

• 批准号: 1248360
• 负责人: Shihai Zhang
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: PolyK Technologies, LLC
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-01 至 2013-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1248360&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; Single; Ion; Conductor

This Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project will develop advanced single ion gel electrolytes and related low cost manufacturing process for high power rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIBs) with enhanced safety. Current LIB electrolytes consist of liquid organic solvents and lithium salts. Both anions and cations can move, though the anions do not participate in electrochemical reactions and do not contribute to the power output. This not only reduces the power density, but also leads to polarization gradient, salt depletion at the cathode and risk of precipitation at the anode during high power operation. The liquid organic solvents represent significant safety risks in large size battery pack such as solvent leakage, pressure buildup from solvent vaporization, and fire hazard during vehicle accidents. Therefore, current LIBs have limited acceptance by electric vehicles. This project will develop ionomer gel electrolytes in which anions are completely immobilized and the solvents fully constrained in the gel structure. The power density and safety of the LIBs will be enhanced by the gel structure as well the electrolyte/separator assembly.The broader impact/commercial potential of this project is related to rechargeable lithium ion batteries (LIB) with high energy density, power density, enhanced safety, and reduced cost by using an innovative single ion gel electrolyte and low-cost manufacturing process. Rechargeable LIBs have broad applications as power source for many portable electronics. However, due to the material limitations of the electrolytes and electrodes, current LIBs have limited applications in large-size high-capacity energy storage systems such as hybrid electric vehicles and grid scale energy storage system. If successful, the novel single ion conductor gel electrolytes can improve the power density, improve the safety, and reduce the manufacturing cost of LIBs and promote their wide adoption in large size high power energy storage systems.

这个小型企业创新研究(SBIR)第一阶段项目将开发先进的单离子凝胶电解液和相关的低成本制造工艺，用于增强安全性的大功率可充电锂离子电池(LIB)。目前的锂离子电池电解液由液态有机溶剂和锂盐组成。阴离子和阳离子都可以移动，尽管阴离子不参与电化学反应，也不会对输出功率做出贡献。这不仅降低了功率密度，而且在高功率运行时会导致极化梯度、阴极盐耗和阳极析出的风险。液体有机溶剂在大尺寸电池组中存在着很大的安全风险，如溶剂泄漏、溶剂挥发形成的压力以及车辆事故中的火灾危险。因此，目前的自由党对电动汽车的接受度有限。该项目将开发离子聚合物凝胶电解质，其中阴离子完全固定，溶剂完全限制在凝胶结构中。通过凝胶结构以及电解液/隔膜组件，LIB的功率密度和安全性将得到提高。该项目的更广泛影响/商业潜力与可充电锂离子电池(LIB)有关，该电池具有高能量密度、功率密度、增强的安全性，并通过使用创新的单离子凝胶电解液和低成本制造工艺来降低成本。可充电锂离子电池作为许多便携式电子产品的电源有着广泛的应用。然而，由于电解液和电极材料的限制，目前的LIBS在混合动力汽车和电网储能系统等大尺寸大容量储能系统中的应用有限。如果成功，新型单离子导体凝胶电解质可以提高锂离子电池的功率密度，提高安全性，降低制造成本，促进其在大尺寸大功率储能系统中的广泛应用。