Acute alcohol and nicotine effects on reward-dependent learning and habitization in healthy young adults

酒精和尼古丁对健康年轻人奖励依赖性学习和习惯的急性影响

• 批准号: 209293001
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Ulrich Zimmermann
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Klinik und Poliklinik für Psychiatrie und Psychotherapie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/209293001?language=en
• 关键词: Acute; alcohol; nicotine; effects; reward

This project aims to investigate how dysfunctional learning and habitization are affected by acute alcohol exposure, and whether individual differences in such alcohol effects can predict later development of AUDs. Thus, part A of this project investigates eighty 18-year-old healthy male subjects (half of them at high risk of developing AUDs), performing behavioral tasks of Pavlovianto- instrumental transfer, probabilistic reversal learning and habitization-devaluation after blinded administration of alcohol or placebo. We investigate how alcohol influences the performance during these tasks, whether alcohol effects differ between high- and low-risk subjects and whether task performance under alcohol predicts the future AUDs. Subjects will be followed up after three years. In part B of this project, we will examine whether alcohol effects on learning and habitization can be generalized to nicotine, which also targets the dopaminergic system. Because smoking rates are extremely high in alcoholics, we are not only interested in the single effects of acute nicotine and alcohol, but particularly in their interaction when administered together. Thus, in part B, 100 healthy subjects (50% females, drinking and smoking socially, neither alcohol nor nicotine dependent) will conduct the same learning and habitization tasks after administration of (1) nicotine, (2) nicotine and alcohol, (3) alcohol, or (4) placebo.

本项目旨在研究急性酒精暴露如何影响功能失调的学习和居住，以及这种酒精效应的个体差异是否可以预测AUDs的后期发展。因此，该项目的A部分研究了80名18岁的健康男性受试者（其中一半处于发展AUD的高风险），在盲法施用酒精或安慰剂后执行巴甫洛夫语-工具性转移、概率逆转学习和居住-贬值的行为任务。我们调查了酒精如何影响这些任务中的表现，酒精的影响是否在高风险和低风险受试者之间存在差异，以及酒精下的任务表现是否预测了未来的AUDs。受试者将在三年后接受随访。在本项目的B部分，我们将研究酒精对学习和居住的影响是否可以推广到尼古丁，尼古丁也针对多巴胺能系统。由于酗酒者的吸烟率极高，我们不仅对尼古丁和酒精的单一作用感兴趣，而且对它们一起使用时的相互作用感兴趣。因此，在B部分，100例健康受试者（50%为女性，在社交场合饮酒和吸烟，既不依赖酒精也不依赖尼古丁）在接受（1）尼古丁、（2）尼古丁和酒精、（3）酒精或（4）安慰剂给药后将进行相同的学习和居住任务。