Transitions in the Banda Arc-Australia Continental Collision as a Bridge to Understanding Mantle and Lithospheric Controls on Surface Tectonics

印度尼西亚东部是地球上最不为人所知的地质区域之一，但该地区为解开板块构造的一些主要难题提供了真正非凡的自然实验。最近澳大利亚大陆与班达地区活跃火山弧的碰撞有效地捕捉到了大陆造山的开始和岛弧火山活动的停止，为了解地质时期塑造地球演化的一系列过程提供了难得的机会。 由于大洋俯冲和随后的大陆碰撞发生在班达弧沿线的不同阶段，我们计划利用该地区来研究和评估这一转变的时空演化。这项工作将有助于填补对碰撞构造的一般理解的基本空白，并为有关碰撞历史与当今地壳、岩石圈和地幔结构之间的相互关系以及其与地形的关系的方式等悬而未决的问题提供答案。对班达弧的这项研究有望阐明地表隆起、地壳变形和再循环、岩石圈结构、俯冲和地幔对流之间的关系。 我们组建了一个国际多学科研究团队，利用被动地震学、地形分析、目标地质年代学和协作领导的大地测量活动来约束区域碰撞和俯冲的复杂动力学模型。该研究小组包括来自印度尼西亚、澳大利亚、德国、荷兰、葡萄牙和美国的科学家，其重要成果将是加强和促进这些国家之间未来的科学合作。该奖项由 NSF 地球物理和构造计划以及国际科学与工程办公室 (OISE) 共同资助。所有结果、数据和新开发的方法都将在网上免费共享，有利于未来类似的成像或构造建模工作。

Eastern Indonesia is one of the least well-understood geological domains of our planet, and yet the region provides a truly remarkable natural experiment for unraveling some of the major puzzles of plate tectonics. The recent collision of the Australian continent with the active volcanic arc in the Banda region effectively captures the initiation of continental mountain building and the cessation of island arc volcanism, offering a rare glimpse into a set of processes that have shaped Earth's evolution over geologic time. Since oceanic subduction and subsequent continental collision have occurred in different stages along the Banda arc, we plan to use the region to study and assess the spatio-temporal evolution of this transition. This work will help fill fundamental gaps in general understanding of collisional tectonics and formulate answers to outstanding questions about the interrelationships between the history of convergence and the present-day crustal, lithospheric and mantle structure, and the way this relates to topography. This study of the Banda arc holds promise for clarifying the relationships between surface uplift, crustal deformation and recycling, lithospheric structure, subduction, and mantle convection. We have assembled an international multidisciplinary research team to constrain a sophisticated dynamical model of regional collision and subduction using passive seismology, topographic analysis, targeted geochronology, and a collaboratively led geodetic campaign. The research group includes scientists from Indonesia, Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, and the U.S., and an important outcome will be to strengthen and catalyze future scientific collaboration between these countries. The award is co-funded by the NSF Geophysics and Tectonics Programs, and the Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE). All results, data, and newly developed methods will be shared freely online, benefiting future similar imaging or tectonic modeling efforts.