Transitions in the Banda Arc-Australia Continental Collision as a Bridge to Understanding Mantle and Lithospheric Controls on Surface Tectonics

印度尼西亚东部是我们这个星球上最不为人所知的地质区域之一，但该地区为解开板块构造的一些主要谜团提供了一个真正了不起的自然实验。最近澳大利亚大陆与班达地区的活火山弧的碰撞有效地捕捉了大陆造山运动的开始和岛弧火山活动的停止，提供了一个罕见的一瞥，一套过程，塑造了地球在地质时期的演变。 由于大洋俯冲和随后的大陆碰撞发生在沿着班达弧的不同阶段，我们计划利用该地区来研究和评估这种转变的时空演化。这项工作将有助于填补碰撞构造的一般理解的根本差距，并制定有关会聚的历史和现今地壳，岩石圈和地幔结构之间的相互关系，以及这与地形的方式悬而未决的问题的答案。对班达弧的研究有助于阐明地表隆升、地壳变形和再循环、岩石圈结构、俯冲和地幔对流之间的关系。 我们已经组建了一个国际多学科研究团队，使用被动地震学，地形分析，有针对性的地质年代学和协作领导的大地测量活动来约束复杂的区域碰撞和俯冲动力学模型。该研究小组包括来自印度尼西亚、澳大利亚、德国、荷兰、葡萄牙和美国的科学家，一个重要的成果将是加强和促进这些国家之间未来的科学合作。该奖项由NSF地球物理和构造计划以及国际科学与工程办公室（OISE）共同资助。所有结果、数据和新开发的方法都将在网上免费分享，有利于未来类似的成像或构造建模工作。

Eastern Indonesia is one of the least well-understood geological domains of our planet, and yet the region provides a truly remarkable natural experiment for unraveling some of the major puzzles of plate tectonics. The recent collision of the Australian continent with the active volcanic arc in the Banda region effectively captures the initiation of continental mountain building and the cessation of island arc volcanism, offering a rare glimpse into a set of processes that have shaped Earth's evolution over geologic time. Since oceanic subduction and subsequent continental collision have occurred in different stages along the Banda arc, we plan to use the region to study and assess the spatio-temporal evolution of this transition. This work will help fill fundamental gaps in general understanding of collisional tectonics and formulate answers to outstanding questions about the interrelationships between the history of convergence and the present-day crustal, lithospheric and mantle structure, and the way this relates to topography. This study of the Banda arc holds promise for clarifying the relationships between surface uplift, crustal deformation and recycling, lithospheric structure, subduction, and mantle convection. We have assembled an international multidisciplinary research team to constrain a sophisticated dynamical model of regional collision and subduction using passive seismology, topographic analysis, targeted geochronology, and a collaboratively led geodetic campaign. The research group includes scientists from Indonesia, Australia, Germany, the Netherlands, Portugal, and the U.S., and an important outcome will be to strengthen and catalyze future scientific collaboration between these countries. The award is co-funded by the NSF Geophysics and Tectonics Programs, and the Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE). All results, data, and newly developed methods will be shared freely online, benefiting future similar imaging or tectonic modeling efforts.