Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Coarticulation and the phonetics of fingerspelling

博士论文改进补助金：协同发音和手指拼写的语音学

• 批准号: 1251807
• 负责人: Diane Brentari
• 金额: $ 1.89万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-04-01 至 2016-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1251807&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Grant; Coarticulation

The aim of this project is to study how signers produce American Sign Language (ASL) fingerspelling. Studying fingerspelling provides opportunities to find contextual and time conditioned variation in handshape that are relatively limited in signing. This work builds on phonological systems of sign language production, but with a detailed focus on the specific aspects that make up handshapes in ASL. Quantitative measurements of video and motion capture data will be used to analyze contextually based handshape variation in ASL fingerspelling. In this process a large fingerspelling corpus will be created. Such a corpus will be widely available for future research, and will be particularly useful for automatic sign language recognition. Findings from this work will contribute to knowledge of how human languages are produced. Handshape in ASL has the power to inform our understanding of articulatory gestures in a way that is difficult to study in the vocal tract. Specifically, individual articulators have a number of different configurations that are active and nonactive. This is unlike many spoken language articulators, which frequently have a single configuration when active, and another when nonactive. Because sign language articulators are not inside the body, precise measurements to analyze the differences between the configurations of articulators when active and nonactive can be obtained more easily than for speech articulators. These findings will further theories of variation cross-linguistically, and more importantly, cross-modally; linguists can better understand what properties in language production are inherent to language, and what properties are modality specific. Additionally, this research will further the understanding of handshape in sign phonology. This work has a number of broader impacts. First, automatic recognition of sign languages requires knowledge of handshape variation. This work establishes general norms for fingerspelling in native ASL users. Having quantitative norms of specific features of fingerspelling allows for the development of metrics and tests for what types of productions fall outside of the range of typical signers. Second, there has been research showing a correlation between fingerspelling ability and literacy. Understanding basic phonetic facts about the production of fingerspelling will allow for more detailed future work on the perception of fingerspelling. Furthermore, understanding how fingerspelling is produced and perceived will enable the study of this correlation in more detail.

该项目的目的是研究签名者如何生产美国手语（ASL）手指。研究手指倾斜提供了机会，可以找到握手的上下文和时间条件变化，这些变化相对有限。这项工作以手语产生的语音系统为基础，但详细关注了构成ASL中手绘的特定方面。视频和运动捕获数据的定量测量将用于分析基于上下文的握手触手可及的握手变化。在此过程中，将创建一个大的手指手术语料库。这样的语料库将被广泛用于将来的研究，并且对于自动手语识别特别有用。这项工作的发现将有助于了解人类语言的产生方式。 ASL中的握手有能力以一种难以在声带中研究的方式来告知我们对发音手势的理解。具体而言，单个枢纽器具有多种活跃和非活动的不同配置。这与许多口语语言铰接器不同，该语言表达式在活动时经常具有单一的配置，而在非活动中则具有另一种配置。由于手语铰接器不在人体内部，因此在主动和非活动性获得与语音敏感器相比，在积极和非活动时，可以分析枢轴构型之间的差异的精确测量。这些发现将进一步发展变异的理论，更重要的是交叉模式。语言学家可以更好地了解语言生产中的属性是语言固有的，哪些属性是特定于模态的。此外，这项研究将进一步了解符号语音中的握手。这项工作具有更广泛的影响。首先，自动识别标志语言需要了解握手变化。 这项工作确立了本地ASL用户中手指销售的一般规范。具有指定特定特征的定量规范，可以开发指标和测试，以实现哪种类型的生产范围不在典型签名范围之外。其次，已经进行了研究表明，手指的能力和识字能力之间存在相关性。了解有关手指的产生的基本语音事实将使未来的手指感知更详细。此外，了解如何产生和感知手指的方式将更详细地研究这种相关性。