CAREER: Supporting Fast-Response Medical Teams Through Interactive Information Displays

现代社会越来越依赖跨学科团队的工作，利用信息和通信技术 (ICT) 来控制高可靠性的复杂系统（例如，飞机驾驶舱、交通控制室和核电站）。 此类工程系统具有确定性，具有明确定义的正常运行状态和参数，允许控制团队通过与 ICT 直接交互来实现其目标。 但是，当焦点是自然（即社会或生活）系统而不是机器时，控制任务会提出截然不同的认知需求，这使得 ICT 的设计、开发和集成更具挑战性。 高风险、快速反应的医学是处理自然系统（患者）的工作环境的一个例子，其中对有效 ICT 支持的需求与工程系统一样高。 这项研究的目标是开发实时信息呈现的创新方法，以支持快速响应的跨学科医疗团队的态势感知和协作工作。 特别是，PI 将研究如何呈现特定于上下文的信息来支持此类团队合作，同时考虑团队成员的感知和认知限制。 为此，她将专注于在儿科创伤和紧急复苏等高风险医疗领域评估危重患者的团队依赖和信息密集型流程。 该研究将涉及实地研究、医疗事件的视频回顾、显示原型的设计和开发以及评估。 项目成果将包括对快速响应医疗团队合作意识的概念和实证理解、通过交互式显示增强分布式认知的方法、开发显示原型以提高对快速发生的事件及其进展的认识的经验教训，以及在现实世界环境中评估此类原型的经验教训。 更广泛的影响：该研究将为不同的科学领域做出贡献并提供信息，包括依赖于交互式信息呈现的动态环境中的信息呈现、工作条件限制与信息系统直接交互的人机交互，以及来自多个来源的数据的自动捕获和集成。 由于这项研究跨越了许多学科界限，因此它将作为综合、跨学科教育和推广计划的平台。

Modern society increasingly depends on the work of interdisciplinary teams using information and communication technology (ICT) to control complex systems with high reliability (for example, in airplane cockpits, traffic control rooms, and nuclear power plants). Engineered systems such as these are deterministic, with well-defined states and parameters of normal operation which allow control teams to achieve their goals through direct interaction with ICT. But when the focus is a natural (i.e., social or living) system rather than a machine, the control task imposes quite different cognitive demands which make the design, development, and integration of ICT more challenging. High-risk, fast-response medicine is an example of a work environment that deals with a natural system (the patient), where the need for effective ICT support is as high as for engineered systems. The goal of this research is to develop innovative approaches for real-time information presentation to support situation awareness and collaborative work by fast-response, interdisciplinary medical teams. In particular, the PI will examine how context-specific information should be presented to support such teamwork while accounting for team members' perceptual and cognitive limitations. To this end, she will focus on the team-dependent and information-intensive processes of evaluating critically ill patients in the high-risk medical domains of pediatric trauma and emergency resuscitation. The research will involve field studies, video review of medical events, design and development of display prototypes, and evaluation. Project outcomes will include conceptual and empirical understanding of awareness in fast-response medical teamwork, approaches for augmenting distributed cognition through interactive displays, lessons from the development of display prototypes for improving awareness of rapidly unfolding events and their progression, and lessons from evaluating such prototypes in real-world settings. Broader Impacts: The research will contribute to and inform diverse scientific fields, including information presentation in dynamic environments that rely on interactive information presentation, human-computer interaction where work conditions limit direct interaction with information systems, and the automatic capture and integration of data arriving from multiple sources. Because this research crosses many disciplinary boundaries, it will serve as a platform for an integrated and interdisciplinary education and outreach program.