G8 Initiative: REO Kiln - Reduced Emission Cement: Cradle to Grave Material Applications and Accounting

G8 倡议：REO 窑炉 - 减少排放水泥：从摇篮到坟墓的材料应用和核算

• 批准号: 1255847
• 负责人: Paulina Jaramillo
• 金额: $ 35万
• 依托单位: Carnegie-Mellon University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2012-09-01 至 2016-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1255847&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: G8; Initiative; REO; Kiln; Reduced

This NSF award funds U.S. researchers participating in a project competitively selected by the G8 Research Councils Initiative "Interdisciplinary Program on Material Efficiency - A first step towards sustainable manufacturing". This is a pilot collaboration among the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Canadian National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), the German Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR),and the United Kingdom Research Councils (RCUK), supporting collaborative research projects selected on a competitive basis that are comprised of researchers from at least three of the partner countries. This award funds research supporting the design of a redesigned cement plant with improved material efficiency,including reduced carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions and enhanced waste disposal. These objectives will be met by redesigning the manufacturing process, enhancing the re-use and recycling of waste concrete, and producing longer lasting products by enhancing the mineral properties of clinker. The redesign will replace air with oxygen in the combustion process. The required flue gas recycling facilitates the capture of carbon dioxide as well as the expansion of alternative fuels, in particular sulfur, which reacts with limestone to produce gypsum, a component of cement. Increasing the CO2 partial pressure within the kiln changes process conditions sufficiently to alter the reaction sequence. Recycling will also be investigated as a unit process that carbonates lime leached from waste concrete using atmospheric carbon dioxide. The resulting limestone can be re-used as kiln feed or as filler in the paper industry. Improved mineral quality is derived from the shorter, hotter flame possible with oxygen combustion, resulting in longer product life. While additional energy will be required to produce the oxygen, the optimization will reduce thermal load and carbon dioxide emissions. Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) will be used to quantify material and energy flows, which can then be compared to existing cement manufacturing processes. If successful, the novel cement manufacturing process will provide a net reduction in carbon dioxide emissions using an expanded alternative fuel portfolio that consumes its own waste, making a positive contribution to the upcoming challenges related to an aging infrastructure in OECD countries, and growing infrastructure in non-OECD countries. Sustainable development is critical as it is the only ethical means to reduce poverty, raise living standards and mitigate the impacts of development.

NSF奖为参与G8研究委员会倡议竞争性的项目的美国研究人员提供资金，“材料效率跨学科计划 - 迈向可持续制造的第一步”。 This is a pilot collaboration among the U.S. National Science Foundation, the Canadian National Sciences and Engineering Research Council (NSERC), the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR), the German Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG), the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS), the Russian Foundation for Basic Research (RFBR),and the United Kingdom Research Councils (RCUK), supporting协作研究项目以竞争性为基础选择，由至少三个合作伙伴国家的研究人员组成。该奖项为支持重新设计的水泥厂的设计提供了资金，具有提高的材料效率，包括降低二氧化碳（CO2）排放量和增强废物处理。这些目标将通过重新设计制造过程，增强废物混凝土的重复使用和回收利用，并通过增强熟料的矿物质生产持久产品来实现这些目标。重新设计将在燃烧过程中用氧气代替空气。所需的烟道气回收有助于捕获二氧化碳以及替代燃料的膨胀，尤其是硫，它与石灰岩反应产生石膏，这是水泥的成分。在窑炉内增加二氧化碳的部分压力，可以充分改变工艺条件以改变反应序列。还将研究回收作为一种单位过程，该过程使用大气二氧化碳从废物混凝土中浸出石灰。由此产生的石灰石可以被用作窑炉饲料或造纸行业的填充物。改善的矿物质质量是从氧气燃烧的短火焰中得出的，从而延长了产品寿命。虽然需要额外的能量才能产生氧气，但优化将减少热负荷和二氧化碳排放。生命周期评估（LCA）将用于量化材料和能量流，然后可以将其与现有水泥制造过程进行比较。如果成功的话，新型水泥制造过程将使用扩展的替代燃料投资组合量净减少二氧化碳的排放，该替代燃料投资组合消耗了自身的废物，对与OECD国家的衰老基础设施相关的即将到来的挑战做出了积极贡献，并在非OECD国家的基础设施不断增长。可持续发展至关重要，因为它是减少贫困，提高生活水平并减轻发展影响的唯一道德手段。