Consequential Life Cycle Assessment for Novel Energy Technologies: The Case of Energy Storage

1703229（Jaramillo）。该项目将通过展示一个相应的生命周期评估框架来推进生命周期评估（LCA）领域，该框架包含了电力系统运行的限制，从而可以更适当地评估新能源技术对环境的影响。虽然该项目将重点关注能源储存，但该模型可应用于其他技术，如先进的太阳能系统，碳捕获和封存，电动汽车，先进的核技术等。虽然储能可以对电力系统产生变革性影响，但有关储能效益的研究一直集中在单一服务上，并表明没有足够的经济激励措施来支持储能技术的这种应用。该项目将包括对多用途存储部署的全面分析，并通过确定此类部署战略的多种好处，然后将结果用于为市场和监管框架的发展提供信息，以保证存储提供商获得适当的补偿。最后，该项目还将包括开发一个关于不同储能技术的原材料提取、制造和寿命终止对环境影响的数据库，供其他研究人员使用。传播研究成果的努力也将有助于扩大该项目的影响。该项目将通过展示更好地代表电力系统独特技术约束的必要性，为生命周期社区提供方法学贡献。它还将提供一个框架，可应用于未来日益复杂的电力系统的分析。该项目借鉴了不同工程领域的知识：它需要工业生态学和生命周期评估社区开发的方法，但它也使用了比这些社区使用的更复杂的电力系统工程方法。研究成果包括一个用于生命周期评估的开源电力系统模型;一个用于评估能源存储多用途操作的模型;一个能源存储技术和相关生命周期影响的数据库;一套强大的存储部署方案，以支持决策;以及一个能源存储技术寿命终止要求的数据库。 .

1703229 (Jaramillo). This project will advance the field of life cycle assessment (LCA) by demonstrating a consequential LCA framework that incorporates the constraints of operating the power system and thus will allow for more appropriate evaluation of the environmental impacts of novel energy technologies. While this project will focus on energy storage, the model can be applied to other technologies like advanced solar systems, carbon capture and sequestration, electric vehicles, advanced nuclear technology, etc. The focus on energy storage also provides additional broader impacts. Although energy storage can have a transformative effect of the power system, the studies about the benefits of storage have been focused on single services and have suggested that there are not enough economic incentives to support deployment of such application of storage technologies. This project will include a comprehensive analysis of multi-purpose storage deployment and, by identifying the multiple benefits of such deployment strategies, the results can then be used to inform the development of market and regulatory frameworks that guarantee storage providers are properly compensated for all these benefits. Finally, this project will also include the development of a database of environmental impacts from raw material extraction, manufacturing, and end-of-life of different energy storage technologies, which will be available for other researchers to use. Efforts to disseminate the results of the research will also support the broader impacts of the project. This project will provide a methodological contribution to the life cycle community by demonstrating the need for a better representation of the unique technical constraints of the power system. It will also provide a framework that can be applied in future analyses of the increasingly complex power system. This project draws knowledge from different fields of engineering: it requires methods developed by the industrial ecology and life cycle assessment community, but it also makes use of more complex methods from power systems engineering than have been used by these communities. Research outcomes include an open source power system model for life cycle assessment; a model for evaluating multi-purpose operations of energy storage; a database of energy storage technologies and associated life cycle impacts; robust set of scenarios for storage deployment to support decision-making; and a database of end-of-life requirements for energy storage technologies. .