Consequential Life Cycle Assessment for Novel Energy Technologies: The Case of Energy Storage

1703229(哈拉米洛)。该项目将通过展示一个包含电力系统运行约束的相应生命周期评估框架来推进生命周期评估(LCA)领域，从而允许对新能源技术的环境影响进行更适当的评估。虽然该项目将专注于能源储存，但该模型也可以应用于其他技术，如先进的太阳能系统、碳捕获和封存、电动汽车、先进的核技术等。对能源储存的关注也提供了额外的更广泛的影响。尽管储能可以对电力系统产生变革性的影响，但有关储能效益的研究一直集中在单一服务上，并表明没有足够的经济激励措施来支持这种储能技术的应用。该项目将包括对多用途存储部署的全面分析，通过确定这种部署战略的多重好处，结果可用于为市场和监管框架的发展提供信息，以保证存储提供商因所有这些好处而得到适当补偿。最后，该项目还将包括开发不同储能技术的原材料提取、制造和报废对环境影响的数据库，供其他研究人员使用。传播研究成果的努力也将有助于该项目产生更广泛的影响。该项目将通过论证需要更好地反映电力系统独特的技术限制，为生命周期领域作出方法论贡献。它还将提供一个框架，可用于未来对日益复杂的电力系统的分析。该项目吸取了不同工程领域的知识：它需要工业生态和生命周期评估社区开发的方法，但它也使用了比这些社区使用的更复杂的电力系统工程方法。研究成果包括：一个用于生命周期评估的开放源码电力系统模型；一个评价多用途储能作业的模型；一个储能技术及其相关生命周期影响的数据库；一套可靠的储能部署方案，以支持决策；以及一个储能技术报废要求数据库。。

1703229 (Jaramillo). This project will advance the field of life cycle assessment (LCA) by demonstrating a consequential LCA framework that incorporates the constraints of operating the power system and thus will allow for more appropriate evaluation of the environmental impacts of novel energy technologies. While this project will focus on energy storage, the model can be applied to other technologies like advanced solar systems, carbon capture and sequestration, electric vehicles, advanced nuclear technology, etc. The focus on energy storage also provides additional broader impacts. Although energy storage can have a transformative effect of the power system, the studies about the benefits of storage have been focused on single services and have suggested that there are not enough economic incentives to support deployment of such application of storage technologies. This project will include a comprehensive analysis of multi-purpose storage deployment and, by identifying the multiple benefits of such deployment strategies, the results can then be used to inform the development of market and regulatory frameworks that guarantee storage providers are properly compensated for all these benefits. Finally, this project will also include the development of a database of environmental impacts from raw material extraction, manufacturing, and end-of-life of different energy storage technologies, which will be available for other researchers to use. Efforts to disseminate the results of the research will also support the broader impacts of the project. This project will provide a methodological contribution to the life cycle community by demonstrating the need for a better representation of the unique technical constraints of the power system. It will also provide a framework that can be applied in future analyses of the increasingly complex power system. This project draws knowledge from different fields of engineering: it requires methods developed by the industrial ecology and life cycle assessment community, but it also makes use of more complex methods from power systems engineering than have been used by these communities. Research outcomes include an open source power system model for life cycle assessment; a model for evaluating multi-purpose operations of energy storage; a database of energy storage technologies and associated life cycle impacts; robust set of scenarios for storage deployment to support decision-making; and a database of end-of-life requirements for energy storage technologies. .