Collaborative Research: The Role of Suppressor of Sessile Spikelet1 (sos1) in Meristem Maintenance and Determinacy

合作研究：无柄小穗 1 (sos1) 抑制子在分生组织维持和决定性中的作用

• 批准号: 1256373
• 负责人: Paula McSteen
• 金额: $ 46万
• 依托单位: University of Missouri-Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2018-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1256373&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Role; Suppressor; Sessile

All grasses produce spikelets, short branches bearing the florets, which produce the kernels or grain, and therefore much of the calories that feed the world. Maize, and closely related grasses, produce spikelets in pairs, doubling the number of kernels produced in contrast to other, more distantly related cereals, such as rice, wheat and barley, which produce spikelets singly. Understanding the molecular and developmental basis for paired spikelet formation is of great practical significance as this information could be used to double yield in cereals that produce single spikelets. Collaborative comparative genomic studies also provide an unprecedented opportunity to understand the molecular basis for the evolution of this derived trait. The identification of the suppressor of sessile spikelet (sos) loci in maize provides a breakthrough into the understanding of the formation of the paired spikelet. Molecular, cellular and developmental approaches will be used to dissect the function of Sos1. Additional molecular and developmental studies of Sos2 and Sos3 will enable the identification of additional genes regulating paired spikelet formation. The paired spikelet is produced by a meristem called the spikelet pair meristem. Meristems continually produce organs through balancing the functions of maintenance and determinacy. The Sos loci will enable the dissection of the interaction between these two fundamental developmental processes, as well as providing insight into the evolution of grass inflorescence architecture.This research involves collaboration between a maize developmental geneticist and an expert in the evolution of grasses, and hence is interdisciplinary in nature. One graduate student and at least six undergraduate students will be trained in the McSteen laboratory. A summer seminar series will be developed to provide training for undergraduates in understanding the broader implications of evolutionary studies in science, education, and society. The PI will also speak to the public on the domestication of corn.

所有草都会产生尖峰，短树枝带有小花，它们产生了粒子或谷物，因此会产生大部分养活世界的卡路里。玉米和密切相关的草以成对生产尖峰，使与其他更遥远的谷物（例如米饭，小麦和大麦）形成鲜明对比的粒子数量翻了一番，例如米饭，小麦和大麦，它们会单独产生尖峰。了解成对的尖峰形成的分子和发育基础具有很大的实践意义，因为这些信息可用于在产生单个尖峰的谷物中倍增。协作性比较基因组研究还提供了一个前所未有的机会，可以理解这种衍生性状的演变。玉米中无柄钉（SOS）基因座的抑制剂的识别为理解配对尖峰的形成提供了突破。分子，细胞和发育方法将用于剖析SOS1的功能。 SOS2和SOS3的其他分子和发育研究将使能够鉴定调节配对尖峰形成的其他基因。配对的尖峰由称为Spikelet对分生组织的分生组织产生。 分生组织通过平衡维护和确定性的功能不断产生器官。 SOS基因座将使这两个基本发育过程之间的相互作用解剖，并提供对草花序结构的演变的见解。这项研究涉及玉米发展遗传学家与草的演化专家之间的合作，因此，自然界是互惠的。一名研究生和至少六名本科生将在麦克斯汀实验室接受培训。将开发一个夏季研讨会系列，以为理解科学，教育和社会进化研究的广泛含义提供培训。 PI还将与公众谈论玉米的驯化。