Collaborative research: The Pygmy Borers (Col., Scolytinae: Cryphalini): revision of genera, evolution of the genome, and modernization of insect systematics

合作研究：侏儒蛀虫（Col.，Scolytinae：Cryphalini）：属的修订、基因组的进化和昆虫系统学的现代化

• 批准号: 1256968
• 负责人: Jiri Hulcr
• 金额: $ 47.1万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1256968&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; research; Pygmy; Borers; Col.

Bark beetles are among the most damaging pests, and a diverse group of insects which are difficult to identify. This project will revise the classification and evolutionary history of one of the largest and most important bark beetle groups: Cryphalini, the Pygmy Borers. The project will 1) revise the classification of Cryphalini genera using a molecular phylogeny, 2) analyze populations of putatively global cryphaline species (some of the most widespread insects on Earth) to test whether they are true species or clusters of cryptic species, and 3) reconstruct the evolution of genome copy number in Pygmy Borers (in some genera, males have only one copy of each chromosome), and test whether deviations are associated with manipulative bacterial parasites. The approach integrates next-generation sequencing, automated matrix-based taxonomy, and a large global network of collaborators, including citizen collectors.The project's high-throughput methodology represents a new cost-efficient approach to diverse but understudied groups of organisms. Non-academics will benefit from the new identification capacity. A single cryphaline species (i.e., the Coffee Berry Borer) causes $500,000,000 annual damages, yet quarantine officers have no tools to distinguish it from other cryphalines. The broader public will benefit from a new Citizen Science project "Bark beetles in your backyard".

树皮甲虫是最具破坏性的害虫之一，也是一种难以识别的昆虫。该项目将修订最大和最重要的树皮甲虫群体之一的分类和进化历史：Cryphalini，Pygmy Borer。该项目将1）使用分子生物学方法修订Cryphalini属的分类，2）分析全球Cryphalini物种的种群（地球上分布最广的一些昆虫），以测试它们是真正的物种还是一群神秘的物种，以及3）重建俾格米蛀虫基因组拷贝数的进化（在某些属中，雄性的每条染色体只有一个拷贝），并测试偏差是否与操纵性细菌寄生虫有关。该方法集成了下一代测序，基于矩阵的自动分类，以及包括公民收集者在内的大型全球合作者网络。该项目的高通量方法代表了一种新的具有成本效益的方法，用于研究多样化但未充分研究的生物群体。非学术人员将受益于新的身份识别能力。一个单一的cryphaline物种（即，咖啡果螟每年造成5亿美元的损失，但检疫官员没有工具将其与其他cryphalines区分开来。更广泛的公众将受益于一个新的公民科学项目“树皮甲虫在你的后院”。