Receptor kinase control of vascular development

血管发育的受体激酶控制

• 批准号: 1257316
• 负责人: Frans Tax
• 金额: $ 52.5万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-01-15 至 2018-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1257316&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Receptor; kinase; control; vascular; development

The vascular system of plants is a network of tubes that functions much like the veins and arteries of animals. However, in plants, vascular cells also are important for structural support, and form during the development of all plant organs. The goal of this research is to learn more about how the vascular system in plants forms, and how it can be manipulated to increase plant productivity. Both biochemical and genetic approaches will be used to find genes that are important for making the different types of cells that form the vascular system, with the goal of identifying genes that can be manipulated to increase the amount and quality of the vasculature in plants. These genes can then be used to help develop crops that can withstand extreme conditions. In the 1960s, the vigor of standard cereal crops such as rice and wheat were limiting for food production. The creation of new varieties that were shorter and did not fall over as easily led to increased production of grains and averted a major food crisis. Today, as the citizens of the world face climate change with its more volatile weather, an understanding of how the vasculature forms is needed so that they can be manipulated to alter the strength and function of stems and other plant organs in extreme and volatile environments. Undergraduate positions supported by this award will be filled by Arizona students from low-income backgrounds. Teachers from local high schools will be supported through this award to develop lesson plans about plant genomics and biotechnology for their high school classes.

植物的维管系统是一个管道网络，其功能很像动物的静脉和动脉。然而，在植物中，维管细胞对于结构支撑也很重要，并且在所有植物器官的发育过程中形成。这项研究的目标是更多地了解植物中的维管系统是如何形成的，以及如何操纵它来提高植物的生产力。 生物化学和遗传学方法都将用于寻找对形成维管系统的不同类型细胞至关重要的基因，目的是确定可以操纵的基因，以增加植物中维管系统的数量和质量。然后，这些基因可以用来帮助开发能够承受极端条件的作物。在20世纪60年代，水稻和小麦等标准谷类作物的活力限制了粮食生产。新品种的创造更短，不容易导致谷物产量增加，避免了重大的粮食危机。今天，随着世界公民面临气候变化及其更加多变的天气，需要了解脉管系统如何形成，以便可以操纵它们来改变茎和其他植物器官在极端和多变环境中的强度和功能。 该奖项支持的本科生职位将由来自低收入背景的亚利桑那州学生填补。来自当地高中的教师将通过该奖项获得支持，为他们的高中课程制定有关植物基因组学和生物技术的课程计划。