Precision Theory Predictions for Higgs and New-Physics Measurements at the LHC

粒子物理标准模型成功地描述了迄今为止在实验室实验中观察到的所有粒子现象。欧洲核子研究中心大型强子对撞机(LHC)实验的一个主要目标是发现希格斯粒子，希格斯粒子是标准模型的重要组成部分，但尚未被直接观测到。另一个目标是在标准模型之外寻找新的重粒子，标准模型的存在是通过对暗物质的天体物理观察以及强大的理论动机来预期的。大型强子对撞机上质子-质子碰撞产生的希格斯和其他重粒子是通过它们的衰变产物来识别的，这些衰变产物产生了一个特征信号，涉及探测器中一般的准直粒子射流。要获得希格斯粒子和新物理粒子的质量和耦合的精确实验极限或测量，需要对特定数量的此类喷流的信号和背景过程进行理论预测。艾米-诺伊特小组的目标是从理论上精确计算这些过程所需的横截面。这就需要发展和应用新的场论方法，允许解析恢复大的微扰修正和研究非微扰效应，并将它们与数值模拟相结合。

The Standard Model of particle physics successfully describes all particle phenomena observed in laboratory experiments so far. A main goal of the experiments at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN is the discovery of the Higgs particle, which is an essential part of the Standard Model but has not yet been observed directly. Another goal is the search for new heavy particles outside the Standard Model, whose existence is expected from the astrophysical observation of dark matter as well as from strong theoretical motivations. Higgs and other heavy particles produced in proton-proton collisions at the LHC are identified by their decay products, which produce a characteristic signature involving in general collimated jets of particles in the detector. Obtaining precise experimental limits or measurements of the masses and couplings of the Higgs and new-physics particles requires theoretical predictions for signal and background processes with a specific number of such jets. The objective of the Emmy-Noether group is the precise theoretical calculation of the necessary cross sections for such processes. This requires the development and application of new field-theoretic methods that allow the analytic resummation of large perturbative corrections and the study of nonperturbative effects, and their combination with numerical simulations.