SHINE: Understanding Multi-spacecraft Observations of Solar Energetic Particle Events in Terms of Global Disturbances in the Solar Corona and Heliospheric Magnetic Field Connection

在这个为期三年的SHINE项目中，PI旨在研究太阳日冕的全球扰动与太阳高能粒子（SEP）事件的角传播之间的关系，以提高对这些粒子何时、何地以及如何加速和释放的理解。项目小组检查了SDO和STEREO拍摄的极紫外线（EUV）图像，并将其与STEREO和SOHO的日冕仪数据进行了比较，以追踪全球日冕扰动为日冕物质抛射（cme）和相关的冲击波。对于20到30个接近相对论的电子事件（有或没有大的角传播），研究小组将寻找全球日冕扰动特性和缺乏日冕扰动特性的显著差异。研究小组将把在STEREO和地球附近观测到的电子事件的发生时间与全球日冕扰动和cme驱动的冲击与连接各自航天器上的观测者的场线相交的时间进行比较。SEP的发作也可能受到行星际磁场的影响，行星际磁场可能偏离帕克螺旋。该团队将分析来自STEREO、地球附近和内日球层其他位置的太阳风数据，以估计粒子经历的有效路径长度，并进一步了解非帕克螺旋场的起源。在社区协调建模中心（CCMC）运行具有定制边界条件的日球层模拟，以探测太阳风的宏观扰动，作为研究议程的补充。此外，研究小组将调查相关的SEP数据，以解决在太阳附近和行星际空间过程中脉冲和渐进SEP事件之间的区别。项目团队的目标是通过采用跨学科的方法，将太阳和行星际的原位数据作为重要元素，并包括数值模拟，来提高对SEP事件的理解。该项目有可能在很大程度上改变对SEP事件起源的普遍看法，从而最终为正确预测SEP事件带来社会效益。该团队将在各种会议上传播项目成果，包括SHINE研讨会、期刊以及PI所在机构开发的太阳物理学事件知识库。该项目的研究议程支持AGS部门在发现、学习、多样性和跨学科研究方面的战略目标。

With this three-year SHINE project, the PI aims to investigate the relationship between global disturbances from the solar corona and the angular spread of Solar Energetic Particle (SEP) events, in order to advance present understanding of when, where and how these particles are accelerated and released. The project team examine Extreme Ultra Violet (EUV) images taken by SDO and STEREO in comparison with coronagraph data from STEREO and SOHO to trace the global coronal disturbances into coronal mass ejections (CMEs) and associated shock waves. For 20 to 30 near-relativistic electron events (with and without large angular spread), the team will look for significant differences in the properties of global coronal disturbances and lack thereof. The team will compare the observed onset times of electron events at STEREO and near the Earth with the times at which the global coronal disturbances and CME-driven shocks intersect field lines connecting to observers at the respective spacecraft. The SEP onsets can also be influenced by the interplanetary magnetic field, which may deviate from the Parker spiral. The team will analyze solar wind data from STEREO, near the Earth, and at other locations in the inner heliosphere, to estimate the effective path length the particles experience and additionally to understand the origin of non-Parker-spiral field. The research agenda is supplemented by running heliospheric simulations at the Community Coordinated Modeling Center (CCMC) with customized boundary conditions to probe macroscopic disturbances in solar wind. Furthermore, the team will investigate the associated SEP ion data in perspective to address the distinction between impulsive and gradual SEP events in terms of the processes near the Sun and in the interplanetary space.The project team aims to improve present understanding of SEP events by adopting a cross-disciplinary approach that addresses both solar and interplanetary in-situ data as important elements, and includes numerical simulations. This project has the potential of changing the prevalent view of the origins of SEP events in a major way, and thus eventually give societal benefit of correctly predicting SEP events. The team will disseminate the project results at various meetings including SHINE workshops, in refereed journals, and through the Heliophysics Event Knowledge-base developed at the PI's institution. The research agenda of this project supports the Strategic Goals of the AGS Division in discovery, learning, diversity, and interdisciplinary research.