Multispecies connectivity: Comparative analysis of marine connectivity and its drivers for the coral reefs of Hawaii

多物种连通性：夏威夷珊瑚礁海洋连通性及其驱动因素的比较分析

• 批准号: 1260169
• 负责人: Robert Toonen
• 金额: $ 66.51万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1260169&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multispecies; connectivity; Comparative; analysis; marine

The exchange of individuals among populations, termed connectivity, is a central element of population persistence and maintenance of genetic diversity, and influences most ecological and evolutionary processes. To date, field studies of marine connectivity have necessarily focused on one or a few species at a time, providing little understanding of both the extent of variability in connectivity across a whole community and what factors drive that variability. This project will address these questions with population genetic datasets of a diverse marine fauna sampled across the Hawaiian Archipelago. By combining these genetic data with extensive oceanographic, ecological and historical data, this project can potentially transform our understanding of the basis of the genetic structure of populations and the processes influencing genetic patterns. This project will provide unique, and new, knowledge to basic marine ecology and the science of Ecosystem Based Management while incorporating the latest analytical and simulation approaches. The results will be novel on several fronts: 1) advancing our understanding of community genetics and associated statistical techniques; 2) achieving true integration of genetic, ecological and oceanographic data over large spatial scales for many species simultaneously using a World Heritage Site; the Hawaiian Papahânaumokuâkea Marine National Monument; 3) factoring historical effects into connectivity studies; and 4) providing information on the location of barriers to connectivity, the sources and sinks of individuals and the physical processes influencing ecological patterns at a community level. This project will result in a quantum leap for both the conceptual and empirical understanding of marine connectivity and the utility of population genetic data in basic and applied marine science. This project will also provide unique insights for both management and the general public through an established science-management partnership that reaches 14,000 people annually, a radio talk show, and through exhibits at the Waikiki Aquarium and Telus World of Science Center that is expected to reach over 800,000 visitors each year. Additionally, the University of Hawaii has one of the most culturally diverse campuses in the country from which to draw students and assistants. The principal investigators have an established track record of recruiting minority students, and this project will develop a combination of skills in molecular genetics, quantitative analysis, statistics, and landscape genetic techniques to further their career options in STEM disciplines.

种群之间的个体交换，称为连通性，是种群持久性和遗传多样性维持的核心要素，并影响大多数生态和进化过程。 到目前为止，海洋连通性的实地研究必然集中在一个或几个物种的时间，提供了一个小的了解在整个社区的连通性的变化程度和什么因素驱动这种变化。该项目将通过对夏威夷群岛不同海洋动物群进行采样的群体遗传数据集来解决这些问题。 通过将这些遗传数据与广泛的海洋学、生态学和历史数据相结合，该项目有可能改变我们对种群遗传结构基础和影响遗传模式的过程的理解。该项目将为基础海洋生态学和基于生态系统的管理科学提供独特的新知识，同时结合最新的分析和模拟方法。结果将在几个方面是新颖的：1）推进我们对社区遗传学和相关统计技术的理解; 2）同时使用世界遗产地，夏威夷Papahânaumokuâkea海洋国家纪念碑，实现遗传，生态和海洋学数据在大空间尺度上的真正整合; 3）将历史影响纳入连通性研究;以及4）提供关于连接障碍的位置、个体的源和汇以及影响社区一级生态模式的物理过程的信息。 这一项目将导致对海洋关联性的概念和经验理解以及种群遗传数据在基础和应用海洋科学中的效用的巨大飞跃。该项目还将通过建立每年有14，000人参加的科学管理伙伴关系，广播脱口秀节目，以及通过威基基水族馆和泰勒斯科学中心世界的展览，为管理层和公众提供独特的见解，预计每年将有超过800，000名游客。 此外，夏威夷大学拥有全国最具文化多样性的校园之一，吸引了学生和助理。 主要研究人员在招募少数民族学生方面有着良好的记录，该项目将开发分子遗传学，定量分析，统计学和景观遗传技术方面的技能组合，以促进他们在STEM学科的职业选择。