Multispecies connectivity: Comparative analysis of marine connectivity and its drivers for the coral reefs of Hawaii

多物种连通性：夏威夷珊瑚礁海洋连通性及其驱动因素的比较分析

• 批准号: 1260169
• 负责人: Robert Toonen
• 金额: $ 66.51万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-03-01 至 2017-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1260169&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Multispecies; connectivity; Comparative; analysis; marine

The exchange of individuals among populations, termed connectivity, is a central element of population persistence and maintenance of genetic diversity, and influences most ecological and evolutionary processes. To date, field studies of marine connectivity have necessarily focused on one or a few species at a time, providing little understanding of both the extent of variability in connectivity across a whole community and what factors drive that variability. This project will address these questions with population genetic datasets of a diverse marine fauna sampled across the Hawaiian Archipelago. By combining these genetic data with extensive oceanographic, ecological and historical data, this project can potentially transform our understanding of the basis of the genetic structure of populations and the processes influencing genetic patterns. This project will provide unique, and new, knowledge to basic marine ecology and the science of Ecosystem Based Management while incorporating the latest analytical and simulation approaches. The results will be novel on several fronts: 1) advancing our understanding of community genetics and associated statistical techniques; 2) achieving true integration of genetic, ecological and oceanographic data over large spatial scales for many species simultaneously using a World Heritage Site; the Hawaiian Papahânaumokuâkea Marine National Monument; 3) factoring historical effects into connectivity studies; and 4) providing information on the location of barriers to connectivity, the sources and sinks of individuals and the physical processes influencing ecological patterns at a community level. This project will result in a quantum leap for both the conceptual and empirical understanding of marine connectivity and the utility of population genetic data in basic and applied marine science. This project will also provide unique insights for both management and the general public through an established science-management partnership that reaches 14,000 people annually, a radio talk show, and through exhibits at the Waikiki Aquarium and Telus World of Science Center that is expected to reach over 800,000 visitors each year. Additionally, the University of Hawaii has one of the most culturally diverse campuses in the country from which to draw students and assistants. The principal investigators have an established track record of recruiting minority students, and this project will develop a combination of skills in molecular genetics, quantitative analysis, statistics, and landscape genetic techniques to further their career options in STEM disciplines.

人口之间的个人交流，称为连通性，是人口持久性和遗传多样性维持的核心要素，并影响了最生态和进化过程。迄今为止，海洋连通性的现场研究必然会一次集中在一个或几种物种上，几乎没有对整个社区中连通性的可变性的了解程度，以及哪些因素驱动了这种可变性。该项目将使用在夏威夷群岛上采样的不同海洋动物群的人口遗传数据集解决这些问题。通过将这些遗传数据与广泛的海洋学，生态和历史数据相结合，该项目可能会改变我们对种群遗传结构的理解以及影响遗传模式的过程。该项目将为基本海洋生态和基于生态系统管理的科学提供独特而新的知识，同时结合最新的分析和仿真方法。结果将在几个方面进行新颖：1）促进我们对社区遗传学和相关统计技术的理解； 2）在许多物种上，仅使用世界遗产地点就可以在许多物种上实现遗传，生态和海洋学数据的真实整合；夏威夷帕帕哈纳马库亚海洋国家纪念碑； 3）将历史效应分解为连通性研究； 4）提供有关连通性障碍的位置，个人的源头和水槽以及影响社区层面生态模式的物理过程的信息。该项目将导致对海洋连通性的概念和经验理解以及在基本和应用海科学中人群遗传数据的实用性的量子飞跃。该项目还将通过既定的科学管理合作伙伴关系，每年达到14,000人，广播脱口秀节目，以及通过威基基水族馆和电视世界科学中心的展览来为管理层和公众提供独特的见解，预计每年将超过800,000个访客。此外，夏威夷大学是该国最多样化的校园之一，吸引学生和助手。首席研究人员拥有招募少数群体学生的既定记录，该项目将共同发展分子遗传学，定量分析，统计和景观遗传技术的技能，以进一步发展其在STEM学科中的职业选择。