A Proposal to Continue 'A National Data Program for the Social Sciences'

该项目支持国家社会科学数据计划（NDPSS）进行2014年综合社会调查（GSS）和2014年国际社会调查计划（ISSP）中的美国联盟调查。NDPSS是一个社会指标、基础设施和数据传播方案。它收集数据，以（1）监测和解释态度，行为和属性的趋势，变化和常数，并检查一般社会的结构和功能，以及各种子群体的作用;（2）通过开发人类社会的跨国模型，将美国与其他社会进行比较;和（3）使学者、学生和其他人以最小的成本和等待容易地获得高质量的数据。GSS是对美国家庭进行的定期、持续的访谈调查。GSS的使命是向社会科学研究人员提供及时的高质量科学相关数据。自1972年以来，GSS（在NSF的支持下）对美国成年家庭人口进行了28次面对面的横断面调查，调查对象约为55，087人。GSS内容广泛，总共约有5，416个变量。ISSP促进了48个国家的跨国研究，这些国家使用以GSS为模型的数据收集程序。 NDPSS自1972年以来一直在收集美国的高质量全概率数据，自1982年以来一直在收集跨国数据。使用最科学严谨的调查设计，GSS被广泛认为是当代调查研究的“黄金标准”。GSS/ISSP调查监测美国的社会变化，并将美国社会放在比较的角度。这些数据用于开发和测试社会变革和其他社会进程的模型。GSS和ISSP为促进对年龄-时期-队列效应的了解做出了贡献;群体间关系、性别角色、家庭结构和价值观、对公民自由的态度的变化;全球化对国家认同的影响;以及社会的其他社会和政治方面。更新提案支持对全球安全系统进行若干增强、升级和创新。 这些措施包括：1）更新样本框架，2）将GSS病例与国家死亡指数联系起来，3）扩展辅助和汇总数据，4）添加新的设计效应变量，5）增加教会和雇主的超网络样本，6）更新职业和行业编码以及职业声望的新衡量标准，7）扩展ISSP和跨国研究方法，8）增加社交媒体使用和技术变革的新模块，9）分析GSS面板数据，研究总变化和净变化，并澄清因果关系，更广泛的影响NDPSS已经产生了超越调查本身界限的巨大影响。GSS被认为是衡量许多其他调查数据收集活动的“黄金标准”，ISSP计划导致了跨文化和跨国研究的创新和发展。用户群体包括研究人员、学院和大学教师、研究生和本科生、商业规划人员、媒体和政府官员。 社会学家、政治学家、经济学家、统计学家、调查方法学家、人类学家、地理学家、生物学家、工程师、心理学家、犯罪学家、法律的学者、医学/健康研究人员以及工商管理和管理学者使用GSS数据。GSS被广泛传播，易于获取，支持传统上在社会科学研究中代表性不足的群体的研究和教育。 出版物广泛记录了全球统计系统的使用情况，有20 000多份出版物引用了全球统计系统数据的使用情况。GSS使用最先进的访谈到互联网存档和传播系统，加快访问访谈数据的速度，并允许用户访问与数据库中每个变量相关的所有信息。GSS对定量社会科学分析教学的贡献是前所未有的，无与伦比的。 它的可访问性和易用性远远超出了原始数据收集工作的价值，研究人员继续挖掘新旧数据，以推进知识和测试理论。GSS和ISSP计划是美国社会科学研究的核心基础设施的一部分。

Tom Smith Michael Hout Peter Marsden This project supports the National Data Program for the Social Sciences (NDPSS) to conduct the 2014 General Social Survey (GSS) and the 2014 United States allied survey in the International Social Survey Program (ISSP). The NDPSS is a social indicators, infrastructure, and data dissemination program. It gathers data to (1) monitor and explain trends, changes and constants in attitudes, behaviors, and attributes and examine the structure and functioning of society in general, as well as the role of various sub-groups; (2) compare the United States to other societies, by developing cross-national models of human society; and (3) make high quality data easily accessible to scholars, students, and others with minimal cost and waiting. The GSS is a regular, ongoing interview survey of U.S households. The mission of the GSS is to make timely high-quality scientifically relevant data available to social science researchers. Since 1972 the GSS (with NSF support) has conducted 28 in-person, cross-sectional surveys of the adult household population of the U S with approximately 55,087 respondents. GSS content is wide ranging with approximately 5,416 variables overall. The ISSP facilitates cross-national research in 48 nations that use data collection programs modeled on the GSS. The NDPSS has been collecting high quality, full-probability data in the United States since 1972 and cross-national data since 1982. Using the most scientifically rigorous of survey designs, the GSS is widely acknowledged to represent the "gold standard" in contemporary survey research. The GSS/ISSP surveys monitor societal change in the United States and place American society in comparative perspective. These data are used to develop and test models of societal change and other social processes. The GSS and ISSP have contributed to advancing knowledge of age-period-cohort effects; changes in intergroup relations, gender roles, family structure and values, attitudes about civil liberties; the impact of globalization on national identity; and other social and political aspects of society. The renewal proposal supports several enhancements, upgrades and innovations to the GSS. These include 1) the updating of the sample frame, 2) the linkage of GSS cases to the National Death Index, 3) the expansion of auxiliary and aggregate-level data, 4) adding new design-effects variables, 5) additional hypernetwork samples of congregations and employers, 6) updating coding of occupation and industry and a new measurement of occupational prestige, 7) expanding the ISSP and cross-national research methods, 8) adding new modules on social media use and technological change, and 9) analyzing the GSS panel data to study gross and net change and clarify causal connections, Broader Impacts The NDPSS has already had enormous impact beyond the boundaries of the survey itself. The GSS is held as the "gold standard" by which many other survey data collection activities are measured, and the ISSP program has led to innovations and developments in cross-cultural and cross-national research. The user community includes researchers, college and university faculty, graduate and undergraduate students, business planners, the media and public officials. Sociologists, political scientists, economists, statisticians, survey methodologists, anthropologists, geographers, biologists, engineers, psychologists, criminologist, legal scholars, medical/health researchers, and business administration and management scholars use GSS data. The GSS is widely disseminated and easily accessible, supporting research and education of groups that are traditionally under-represented in the conduct of social scientific research. The use of the GSS is widely documented in publications, with over 20,000 publications citing the use of GSS data. The GSS uses a state-of-the-art interview-to-internet archiving and dissemination system that speeds access to the interview data and allows users to access all information associated with each variable in a database. The contributions of the GSS to the teaching of quantitative social science analysis are unprecedented and unmatched. Its accessibility and ease of use has added value far beyond the original data collection efforts, and researchers continue to mine both the old and new data to advance knowledge and test theories. The GSS and ISSP program are part of the core infrastructure of social science research in the U.S.