Seismological Facilities for the Advancement of Geoscience and EarthScope

促进地球科学和 EarthScope 进步的地震设施

• 批准号: 1261681
• 负责人: Robert Woodward
• 金额: $ 13373.54万
• 依托单位: Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-10-01 至 2022-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1261681&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Seismological; Facilities; Advancement; Geoscience; EarthScope

The IRIS Consortium (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) provides, via the "Seismological Facilities for the Advancement of Geoscience and EarthScope" (SAGE), a suite of community-governed, multi-user facilities for instrumentation and data management that support research and education in seismology and the Earth sciences. The facilities include a high-performance network of more than 150 permanent stations providing data for global studies of earthquakes and deep Earth structure; a mobile array of more than 400 seismometers and atmospheric sensors completing a traverse of the conterminous United States and deploying to Alaska; and more than 4000 portable instruments (including magnetotelluric systems) are available for short-and long-term loan to university-based researchers for detailed studies as part of NSF-funded field programs. Future observing needs are being addressed via systematic engineering efforts. Data from all of these observational systems, along with extensive collections of seismic data contributed by other organizations, are freely and openly available through the IRIS Data Management Center.Data collected and distributed through IRIS facilities form the observational basis for most of the fundamental studies in seismology carried out by researchers at US universities and in many organizations worldwide. The stability and high quality of the permanent observatories capture both the short-term details of faulting during the seconds to minutes of rupture in major earthquakes as well as decadal-scale changes in global earthquake activity. Data from permanent, mobile, and portable arrays are used to resolve features in Earth structure over scales that range from the whole Earth, to lithosphere, to regional basins, to fault zones. These data provide fundamental information on Earth structure and processes that, in combination with other geoscience disciplines, contribute to enhanced understanding of how the active Earth evolves and deforms. As a part of EarthScope, these observations contribute to multidisciplinary studies that focus on the structure and dynamics of North America and contribute to unraveling the history of deformation of the continent. The IRIS program in Education and Public Outreach directly links the public and schools with the activities of an academic research community by demonstrating how basic seismological observations are made and used in Earth science investigations. Through a variety of activities that extend from the provision of classroom and web resources, to museum displays, public lectures, and internships, IRIS encourages students to engage in scientific inquiry and appreciate the importance of the Earth sciences in their lives. In addition to supporting fundamental research, the seismological resources provided by IRIS serve dual use by contributing directly to societal needs through reporting of global earthquake activity and applications in monitoring nuclear test ban treaties. Scientific and technical outreach by IRIS and its members as part of their international activities also provides assistance and guidance in the development and implementation of earthquake monitoring networks and hazard assessment, especially in developing countries.

IRIS(地震学联合研究机构)通过“促进地球科学和地球范围的地震学设施”(SAGE)提供一套由社区管理的多用户仪器和数据管理设施，支持地震学和地球科学的研究和教育。这些设施包括一个由150多个永久观测站组成的高性能网络，为全球地震和地球深部结构研究提供数据；一个由400多个地震仪和大气传感器组成的移动阵列，完成对毗邻的美国的遍历并部署到阿拉斯加；以及4000多台便携式仪器(包括大地电磁系统)，可供大学研究人员短期和长期借用，作为NSF资助的实地项目的一部分。未来的观测需求正在通过系统工程努力得到满足。来自所有这些观测系统的数据，以及其他组织贡献的大量地震数据，都可以通过IRIS数据管理中心免费和开放地获得。通过IRIS设施收集和分发的数据构成了美国大学和世界各地许多组织研究人员开展的大部分地震学基础研究的观测基础。常设观测站的稳定性和高质量既记录了大地震破裂数秒至数分钟期间断层活动的短期细节，也记录了全球地震活动的十年尺度变化。来自永久、移动和便携式阵列的数据被用于解析从整个地球、岩石圈、区域盆地到断裂带的尺度上的地球结构中的特征。这些数据提供了有关地球结构和过程的基本信息，与其他地球科学学科相结合，有助于加强对活动地球如何演化和变形的了解。作为地球望远镜的一部分，这些观测有助于多学科研究，重点是北美的结构和动力学，并有助于揭开该大陆形变的历史。IRIS教育和公共推广方案通过展示如何在地球科学调查中进行和使用基本地震观测，直接将公众和学校与学术研究社区的活动联系起来。通过各种活动，从提供课堂和网络资源，到博物馆展览、公开讲座和实习，IRIS鼓励学生参与科学研究并认识到地球科学在他们生活中的重要性。除支持基础研究外，IRIS提供的地震学资源具有双重用途，通过报告全球地震活动和监测禁止核试验条约的应用，直接满足社会需求。作为其国际活动的一部分，国际地震研究中心及其成员开展的科学和技术宣传还为发展和实施地震监测网和进行危险评估提供了援助和指导，特别是在发展中国家。