Seismological Facilities for the Advancement of Geoscience and EarthScope

IRIS联盟（地震学联合研究机构）通过“促进地球科学和地球范围发展的地震学设施”（SAGE）提供了一套社区管理的多用户设备，用于仪器和数据管理，支持地震学和地球科学的研究和教育。这些设施包括一个由150多个永久站点组成的高性能网络，为全球地震和深部地球结构研究提供数据；一个由400多个地震仪和大气传感器组成的移动阵列，完成了对美国相邻地区的穿越，并部署到阿拉斯加；4000多台便携式仪器（包括大地电磁系统）可作为nsf资助的实地项目的一部分，短期和长期借给大学研究人员进行详细研究。未来的观测需求正在通过系统的工程努力加以解决。来自所有这些观测系统的数据，以及其他组织提供的大量地震数据，都可以通过IRIS数据管理中心免费公开获取。通过IRIS设施收集和分发的数据构成了美国大学和世界各地许多组织的研究人员进行的大多数地震学基础研究的观测基础。永久观测站的稳定性和高质量既能捕捉到大地震破裂时几秒到几分钟内断层的短期细节，也能捕捉到全球地震活动的十年尺度变化。来自永久、移动和便携式阵列的数据用于解析从整个地球到岩石圈、区域盆地到断裂带等尺度上的地球结构特征。这些数据提供了关于地球结构和过程的基本信息，与其他地球科学学科相结合，有助于加强对活动地球如何演化和变形的理解。作为EarthScope的一部分，这些观测有助于多学科研究，重点关注北美的结构和动力学，并有助于揭示该大陆的变形历史。IRIS在教育和公众推广方面的项目通过展示基本的地震观测是如何在地球科学调查中进行和使用的，将公众和学校与学术研究界的活动直接联系起来。通过提供课堂和网络资源、博物馆展示、公开讲座和实习等各种活动，IRIS鼓励学生参与科学探究，并认识到地球科学在他们生活中的重要性。除了支持基础研究外，IRIS提供的地震资源具有双重用途，通过报告全球地震活动和应用于监测禁止核试验条约，直接为社会需求作出贡献。国际地震监测系统及其成员作为其国际活动的一部分开展的科学和技术外展活动也为发展和实施地震监测网和灾害评估提供援助和指导，特别是在发展中国家。

The IRIS Consortium (Incorporated Research Institutions for Seismology) provides, via the "Seismological Facilities for the Advancement of Geoscience and EarthScope" (SAGE), a suite of community-governed, multi-user facilities for instrumentation and data management that support research and education in seismology and the Earth sciences. The facilities include a high-performance network of more than 150 permanent stations providing data for global studies of earthquakes and deep Earth structure; a mobile array of more than 400 seismometers and atmospheric sensors completing a traverse of the conterminous United States and deploying to Alaska; and more than 4000 portable instruments (including magnetotelluric systems) are available for short-and long-term loan to university-based researchers for detailed studies as part of NSF-funded field programs. Future observing needs are being addressed via systematic engineering efforts. Data from all of these observational systems, along with extensive collections of seismic data contributed by other organizations, are freely and openly available through the IRIS Data Management Center.Data collected and distributed through IRIS facilities form the observational basis for most of the fundamental studies in seismology carried out by researchers at US universities and in many organizations worldwide. The stability and high quality of the permanent observatories capture both the short-term details of faulting during the seconds to minutes of rupture in major earthquakes as well as decadal-scale changes in global earthquake activity. Data from permanent, mobile, and portable arrays are used to resolve features in Earth structure over scales that range from the whole Earth, to lithosphere, to regional basins, to fault zones. These data provide fundamental information on Earth structure and processes that, in combination with other geoscience disciplines, contribute to enhanced understanding of how the active Earth evolves and deforms. As a part of EarthScope, these observations contribute to multidisciplinary studies that focus on the structure and dynamics of North America and contribute to unraveling the history of deformation of the continent. The IRIS program in Education and Public Outreach directly links the public and schools with the activities of an academic research community by demonstrating how basic seismological observations are made and used in Earth science investigations. Through a variety of activities that extend from the provision of classroom and web resources, to museum displays, public lectures, and internships, IRIS encourages students to engage in scientific inquiry and appreciate the importance of the Earth sciences in their lives. In addition to supporting fundamental research, the seismological resources provided by IRIS serve dual use by contributing directly to societal needs through reporting of global earthquake activity and applications in monitoring nuclear test ban treaties. Scientific and technical outreach by IRIS and its members as part of their international activities also provides assistance and guidance in the development and implementation of earthquake monitoring networks and hazard assessment, especially in developing countries.