Climate Feedbacks in the Antarctic from Stratospheric Balloon GPS Radio Occultation Soundings

吸收来自IASI和AIRS卫星辐射的卫星高分辨率红外探测数据的新努力正在提供关于高层空气温度和湿度的更为密集的信息。这些努力有可能大大提高数值天气预报模式对南半球采样不足大气的预报和再分析产品的技能。这是一个由USAP支持的IPY项目CONCORDIASI运动的主要目标之一。 然而，由于云污染和表面发射率的不确定性，是特定于南极环境的红外线配置文件中仍然存在显着的偏差。这项研究旨在利用全球定位系统无线电掩星剖面技术提高全球和区域再分析的质量，这些技术是在春季极涡中环绕南极洲的平流层气球平台上制作的。该研究旨在减少卫星探测观测的偏差，并发展将气球GPS RO廓线直接同化到NWP模式中的能力。改进的卫星探测或气球载GPS无线电掩星廓线将有助于我们描述南半球的温度，湿度和环流特征，以便更好地了解臭氧消耗，以及南半球环形模（SAM）的极性的作用。极地地区气候系统未来演变的不确定性限制了我们预测全球气候可变性和变化的能力。

New efforts to assimilate satellite borne, high-resolution infrared (IR) sounding data from IASI and AIRS satellite radiances are providing much denser information on upper air temperature and humidity. Such efforts have the potential to greatly improve the skill of numerical weather prediction (NWP) model forecast and reanalysis products for the undersampled atmosphere of the southern hemisphere. This is one of the key aims of the CONCORDIASI campaign, a USAP supported IPY project. However, significant biases remain in the IR profiles due to cloud contamination and surface emissivity uncertainties that are specific to the Antarctic environment. This study seeks to improve the quality of global and regional reanalyses using GPS radio occultation profiling techniques made from stratospheric balloon platforms encircling Antarctica in the spring polar vortex. The study is intended to reduce biases in the satellite sounding observations, and to develop the capability for assimilating the balloon GPS RO profiles directly into NWP models.Improved satellite soundings, or balloon borne GPS radio occultation profiling, will help our characterization of southern hemisphere temperature, moisture and circulation features needed for better understanding of phenomena such as ozone depletion, and the workings of the polarity of the Southern Hemisphere annular mode (SAM). Uncertainty as to the future evolution of the climate systems in the polar regions limits our ability to project global climate variability and change.