US-France Workshop to Establish an International Collaboration for the Strateole-2 Campaign on Science of the Equatorial Upper Troposphere / Lower Stratosphere

美法研讨会为赤道对流层上层/平流层下层科学的Strateole-2运动建立国际合作

• 批准号: 1404241
• 负责人: Jennifer Haase
• 金额: $ 6.12万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-06-15 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1404241&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: US; France; Workshop; Establish; International

a non-technical explanation This project will support a team of scientists from several US universities and research institutes to participate in a 3-day workshop in France to establish a new international research collaboration for science of the Tropical Upper Troposphere / Lower Stratosphere (UT/LS).The new understanding of the dynamics, chemistry, and momentum exchange between the troposphere and stratosphere gained from Strateole 2 is critical for the new generation of climate models that extend as high as 1 hPa and attempt to incorporate variability in the stratosphere into our understanding of climate change. The workshop will also provide an opportunity for a group of undergraduate physics and engineering students from Puerto Rico interested in balloon platforms to learn about key motivations for stratospheric research, and get a new perspective on engineering challenges for making these types of measurements.a technical description Stratospheric water vapor plays an important role in the radiative budget of the stratosphere as well as in modulating surface warming. The tropical tropopause layer (TTL) is often referred to as the gateway to the global stratosphere, however there are still debates on the chemical transport pathways and how moist air is transported upward and eventually dehydrated in the TTL. The objectives of the research are to 1) determine the roles of tropical waves and deep convection on the transport of water vapor into the stratosphere and formation of cirrus clouds in the tropical tropopause layer, 2) understand the relative roles of planetary-scale waves through small scale gravity waves in the forcing of the quasi-biennial oscillation, 3) characterize background aerosol loading, aerosol size distributions, and ozone chemistry in the tropical lower stratosphere to constrain this transport. New superpressure balloon instrumentation, including a fiber-optic temperature profiler, new pico-SDLA diode laser measurements of water vapor and lightweight frost point hygrometers that measure in-situ cold point temperatures and water vapor with unprecedented accuracy, will be key to new advances in this field.

本项目将支持来自美国几所大学和研究机构的科学家团队参加在法国举行的为期3天的研讨会，以建立一个新的热带对流层上部/平流层下部（UT/LS）科学国际研究合作。对流层和平流层之间的动量交换对于新一代气候模式至关重要，这些模式的范围高达1百帕，并试图将平流层的变化纳入我们的气候模式。了解气候变化。讲习班还将为来自波多黎各、对气球平台感兴趣的一组物理学和工程学本科生提供一个机会，使他们了解平流层研究的主要动机，并对进行这类测量所面临的工程挑战有一个新的认识。热带对流层顶层（TTL）是全球平流层的门户，但对流层顶层内化学物质的输送途径以及湿空气如何向上输送并最终脱水的问题仍存在争议。 研究的目的是：1）确定热带波和深对流对水汽输送到平流层和热带对流层顶卷云形成的作用，2）了解行星尺度波通过小尺度重力波在准两年振荡强迫中的相对作用，3）表征背景气溶胶负荷，气溶胶粒径分布，和热带平流层下部的臭氧化学来限制这种传输。新型超压气球仪器，包括光纤温度剖面仪、新型pico-SDLA二极管激光水蒸气测量仪以及以前所未有的精度测量原位冷点温度和水蒸气的轻型霜点湿度计，将成为新进展的关键该领域。

项目成果

Around the World in 84 Days

• DOI: 10.1029/2018eo091907
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Eos
• 作者: J. Haase;M. Alexander;A. Hertzog;L. Kalnajs;T. Deshler;S. Davis;R. Plougonven;P. Cocquerez;Stéphanie Venel