Optical and Microwave Absorption Spectroscopy of Metal Containing Molecules

含金属分子的光学和微波吸收光谱

• 批准号: 1265885
• 负责人: Timothy Steimle
• 金额: $ 37.6万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-10-01 至 2017-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1265885&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Optical; Microwave; Absorption; Spectroscopy; Metal

This award, funded by the Chemical Structure, Dynamics, and Mechanisms - A Program of the Division of Chemistry, enables Prof. Timothy C. Steimle of the Department of Chemistry, Arizona State University at Tempe to experimentally determine the most fundamental chemical behavior and properties of small metal containing molecules using new laser-based technologies. Two interrelated classes of molecules will be investigated: a) diatomic molecules containing heavy metal atoms of thorium, hafnium and ytterbium, and b) the triatomic molecules, Si3 and SiH2. Both classes of molecules exhibit vibrational and electronic motions that defy conventional theoretical description. Molecular magnetic and electric dipole moments, which are used in the proposed schemes to produce ultracold samples and are routinely predicted by theorists, will be experimentally measured from the analysis of Zeeman and Stark laser spectroscopy, respectively. The data is critical for proposed experiments that use heavy metal containing molecules (e.g. ThO, ThS and YbF) to test various extensions of the Standard Model through the detection of the electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM) and the anapole moment of nuclei. The laser-based studies of Si3 and SiH2 will investigate the mechanism of spin-orbit and other relativistic induced coupling between electronic and vibrational motions. In collaboration with theorists, new methodologies for addressing relativistic effects will be developed and assessed. All studies will be performed in the gas-phase, which is most compatible with new theories.Molecules containing elements near the end of the periodic table (e.g. Th, Hf, and Yb) are poorly understood and modeled compared to those at the beginning (C, O and H), yet are of great technological importance in, for example, catalysis, batteries or solar cells. Much of the unique properties of these molecules can be traced to the fact that the electrons forming the chemical bonds are accelerated to speeds approaching the speed of light. At these unusual speeds, relativistic effects become important which, in general, strengthen and shorten chemical bonds. Furthermore, it is predicted that under these relativistic conditions, here-to-fore unobserved phenomena become greatly enhanced. One such phenomenon is the interaction of the electron with the very large electric fields predicted to exist in the region of the nuclei. The data generated in this study are critical for sophisticated experiments designed to precisely measure these effects. A comparison of predicted and measured charge distribution of the electron is critical to the field of physics for validation of modern models for fundamental particles. Hence, the tiny metal containing molecules studied here are the laboratory for understanding new properties of matter, generating information typically obtained at large research facilities that possess particle accelerators, but at a small fraction of the cost.

这个奖项，由化学结构，动力学和机制-化学系的计划资助，使教授蒂莫西C。位于滕佩的亚利桑那州立大学化学系的Steimle使用基于激光的新技术，通过实验确定含小金属分子的最基本化学行为和性质。将研究两类相互关联的分子：a）含有钍、铪和镱的重金属原子的双原子分子，和B）三原子分子，Si 3和SiH 2。 这两类分子都表现出违背传统理论描述的振动和电子运动。分子的磁和电偶极矩，这是用于在拟议的计划，以产生超冷样品，并经常预测的理论家，将实验测量从塞曼和斯塔克激光光谱分析，分别。 这些数据对于使用含有重金属的分子（例如ThO，ThS和YbF）通过检测电子的电偶极矩（eEDM）和原子核的anapole矩来测试标准模型的各种扩展的拟议实验至关重要。 Si 3和SiH 2的激光研究将研究电子和振动运动之间的自旋轨道和其他相对论诱导耦合机制。 将与理论家合作，开发和评估处理相对论效应的新方法。 所有的研究都将在气相中进行，这与新理论最兼容。含有元素周期表末尾附近的元素（如Th、Hf和Yb）的分子与开始时的元素（C、O和H）相比，了解和建模都很少，但在催化、电池或太阳能电池等领域具有重要的技术意义。 这些分子的许多独特性质可以追溯到形成化学键的电子被加速到接近光速的速度。在这些不寻常的速度下，相对论效应变得很重要，通常会加强和缩短化学键。此外，据预测，在这些相对论条件下，迄今未观察到的现象变得大大增强。其中一种现象是电子与预测存在于原子核区域的非常大的电场的相互作用。这项研究中产生的数据对于旨在精确测量这些影响的复杂实验至关重要。预测和测量的电子电荷分布的比较对于验证基本粒子的现代模型的物理学领域至关重要。因此，这里研究的微小金属分子是理解物质新性质的实验室，产生的信息通常在拥有粒子加速器的大型研究设施中获得，但成本很小。