Dynamics of Multiflagellar Swimming in Bacteria

细菌中多鞭毛游动的动力学

• 批准号: 1304942
• 负责人: Michael Graham
• 金额: $ 35.33万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1304942&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dynamics; Multiflagellar; Swimming; Bacteria

In this project the investigators will focus on development of biophysical models of multiflagellar locomotion in bacteria and use of the models to gain an understanding of the principles underlying locomotion phenomena. They will explore the parameter and design space, to help build an understanding of how the biological systems evolved to become the way they are. Principal aims include the development of mechanistic models for the dynamics of multiflagellar locomotion at a number of levels of description, and application of these models toward understanding various observations of bacterial swimming. In particular, one broad theme that appears upon examination of the experimental observations is multiplicity. Why are there multiple modes of bacterial swimming? Why do many species have capabilities to swim with multiple flagellar modes? Is one of the selective advantages of multiflagellar swimming the multiple possible configurations of the flagella? The proposed work will begin to systematically address this theme by building and applying models that begin to approach the physical complexity of a real multiflagellar organism, will substantially advance this understanding, contributing not only to fundamental microbiology but to many applications, such as soil remediation and prevention of infections, that are closely linked to bacterial motility. By shedding light on how bacteria swim, the proposed work will also strengthen the intellectual foundations for development of artificial microscopic swimming machines. The graduate students who will be educated during the conduct of this research will gain a unique combination of expertise in biophysics and computational mechanics. As part of the present project, in addition to participating in the proposed research, undergraduates will be involved in a K-12 outreach project involving the Boys and Girls Club of Dane County.This project is being jointly supported by the Physics of Living Systems program in the Division of Physics and the Cellular Dynamics and Function Program in the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences.

在这个项目中，研究人员将专注于开发细菌中多鞭毛运动的生物物理模型，并使用这些模型来了解运动现象的基本原理。他们将探索参数和设计空间，以帮助建立对生物系统如何进化成为它们的方式的理解。主要目的包括多鞭毛运动的动力学机制模型的发展，在一些层次的描述，和应用这些模型对了解细菌游泳的各种观察。特别是，在检查实验观察时出现的一个广泛主题是多重性。为什么细菌游动有多种模式？为什么许多物种有能力游泳与多种鞭毛模式？多鞭毛游动的选择优势之一是鞭毛的多种可能构型吗？拟议的工作将开始系统地解决这一问题，通过建立和应用模型，开始接近一个真实的多鞭毛生物体的物理复杂性，将大大推进这一理解，不仅有助于基础微生物学，但许多应用，如土壤修复和预防感染，是密切相关的细菌运动。通过揭示细菌如何游泳，拟议的工作也将加强人工显微游泳机器开发的知识基础。在本研究期间接受教育的研究生将获得生物物理学和计算力学专业知识的独特组合。作为本项目的一部分，除了参与拟议的研究，本科生将参与K-12外联项目涉及戴恩县的男孩和女孩俱乐部。该项目是由物理学系的生命系统物理学计划和分子和细胞生物科学系的细胞动力学和功能计划联合支持。