RUI: Dense Matter and Gravitational Waves: The Coalescence of Neutron Star Binaries

RUI：稠密物质和引力波：中子星双星的合并

• 批准号: 1307545
• 负责人: Jocelyn Read
• 金额: $ 12.6万
• 依托单位: CSU Fullerton Auxiliary Services Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-07-01 至 2018-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1307545&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Dense; Matter; Gravitational; Waves

The Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) is on the brink of making the first direct detections of gravitational waves. With the improved sensitivity of Advanced LIGO, we expect to enter an era of astronomy in which frequent gravitational-wave measurements are used to learn about astrophysical sources. The inspiral and merger of binary neutron stars is a likely source for many gravitational-wave observations, and waveform models for the inspiral of such systems can be used to detect the signals using matched filtering. However, additional physics near merger is not captured by detection templates. As the stars coalesce, the gravitational waveforms will depend additionally on the properties of matter in the core of the stars. The relevant behavior is encoded in the equation of state of dense matter. Its effects on gravitational waveforms have not yet been fully modeled; while ever-improving analytic models in the inspiral and numerical simulations of the merger each contribute information, a complete picture remains elusive. This award supports a program of research by the PI and her students at California State University Fullerton (CSUF) to understand the effects of neutron-star matter on inspiral and merger, both by constructing hybrid (analytical-numerical) waveforms with explicit error estimates and by developing phenomenological waveforms which incorporate tidal resonance effects. The results will be incorporated into the public LIGO Algorithm Library for use in realistic search and parameter-estimation studies with the full data analysis infrastructure. The proposed research is essential to maximize the astrophysical return on NSF's investment in LIGO. Improved understanding of measurement potential will inform configuration decisions as Advanced LIGO develops. Gravitational-wave measurements of neutron-star matter effects will potentially shine new light on the equation of state of matter above nuclear density, which is currently uncertain and a key research topic in both nuclear physics and astrophysics. This proposal also supports active involvement by undergraduate and masters students in the Physics program at CSUF, a primarily undergraduate Hispanic-serving institution with strong integration of teaching and research. Including students in cutting-edge research introduces them to the gravitational-wave science community, kindles future participation in science, and develops broadly applicable skills. The PI is actively involved in LIGO outreach, and will engage students, the University, and the surrounding community in the excitement of this new field of astronomy.

激光干涉仪引力波天文台（LIGO）即将首次直接探测到引力波。随着先进的LIGO灵敏度的提高，我们期望进入一个天文学时代，在这个时代，频繁的引力波测量被用来了解天体物理源。双中子星的吸进和并合是许多引力波观测的可能来源，这种系统的吸进波形模型可以使用匹配滤波来检测信号。然而，探测模板无法捕捉到合并附近的附加物理。在恒星合并的过程中，引力波还取决于恒星核心物质的性质。相关的行为被编码在稠密物质的状态方程中。它对引力波的影响还没有完全模拟出来；虽然不断改进的分析模型和数值模拟的合并都提供了信息，但一个完整的画面仍然难以捉摸。该奖项支持PI和她在加州州立大学富勒顿分校（CSUF）的学生的一个研究项目，通过构建带有明确误差估计的混合（分析-数值）波形和开发包含潮汐共振效应的现象学波形，来了解中子星物质对激励和合并的影响。结果将被纳入公共LIGO算法库，用于具有完整数据分析基础设施的现实搜索和参数估计研究。拟议的研究对于使NSF在LIGO上的投资获得最大的天体物理回报至关重要。随着先进LIGO的发展，对测量潜力的更好理解将为配置决策提供信息。中子星物质效应的引力波测量将有可能为核密度以上的物质状态方程提供新的线索，这是目前核物理学和天体物理学的一个关键研究课题。该提案还支持CSUF的本科生和硕士生积极参与物理项目，CSUF是一所主要为西班牙裔学生服务的大学，具有很强的教学和研究一体化。让学生参与前沿研究，将他们引入引力波科学界，激发他们未来对科学的参与，并培养广泛适用的技能。PI积极参与LIGO的外展，并将吸引学生，大学和周围社区参与这一新的天文学领域的兴奋。

项目成果

GW190814: Gravitational Waves from the Coalescence of a 23 Solar Mass Black Hole with a 2.6 Solar Mass Compact Object

• DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab960f
• 发表时间: 2020-06-01
• 期刊: ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
• 影响因子: 7.9
• 作者: Abbott, R.;Abbott, T. D.;Zweizig, J.
• 通讯作者: Zweizig, J.