RUI: Neutron-Star Matter in the LIGO A+ Era and Beyond

RUI：LIGO A 时代及以后的中子星物质

• 批准号: 2110441
• 负责人: Jocelyn Read
• 金额: $ 22.45万
• 依托单位: CSU Fullerton Auxiliary Services Corporation
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-15 至 2025-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2110441&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; Neutron; Star; Matter; LIGO

Neutron stars are critical sites for learning about the unknown structure and makeup of matter in its most extreme high-density form. Gravitational wave emission traces the dynamics of dense matter in neutron-star interiors, and the discovery of the binary neutron star merger GW170817 by the LIGO and Virgo Scientific Collaborations inaugurated the era of dense matter studies with gravitational waves. The research funded by this grant will support precision neutron-star matter science using future observations with upgraded LIGO and Virgo detectors, providing insight into forms of matter that cannot be recreated on Earth. It will engage and support undergraduate and Masters students at California State University Fullerton, a Hispanic-Serving Institution, in cutting-edge research at the intersection of nuclear physics and gravitational-wave astronomy. The phase evolution of the gravitational waves from a neutron star merger carries an imprint of the stars' internal structure. Currently, the only measurable matter signature is due to the leading-order tidal deformability parameter. However, improvements to detector sensitivities are poised to deliver louder and more numerous neutron star observations in the near future, unlocking the information encoded in next-to-leading-order tidal deformabilities and dynamical tides. In preparation for these future measurements, state-of-the-art infrastructure will be developed to connect gravitational-wave observables to the fundamental properties of dense matter, including its equation of state. In particular, this comprehensive Bayesian framework for inferring the equation of state will account for as-yet-unmeasured matter signatures, for uncertainty in the neutron star population, and for prior information from nuclear theory and electromagnetic observations of pulsars. These tools will be deployed to analyze future gravitational wave observations, helping to maximize the amount of dense matter knowledge they impart.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

中子星是了解未知结构和物质组成的关键场所，这些物质以其最极端的高密度形式存在。 引力波发射追踪了中子-星星内部致密物质的动力学，LIGO和Virgo科学合作组织发现的中子星星合并GW 170817开创了用引力波研究致密物质的时代。这笔赠款资助的研究将支持精确的中子星物质科学，使用升级的LIGO和Virgo探测器进行未来的观测，深入了解无法在地球上重建的物质形式。它将参与和支持本科生和硕士生在加州州立大学富勒顿，西班牙裔服务机构，在核物理和引力波天文学的交叉前沿研究。中子星星合并产生的引力波的相位演化带有恒星内部结构的印记。目前，唯一可测量的物质签名是由于领先阶潮汐变形参数。然而，探测器灵敏度的改进有望在不久的将来提供更响亮和更多的中子星星观测，解锁信息编码在次领先的潮汐变形和动力潮汐。为了准备这些未来的测量，将开发最先进的基础设施，将引力波观测值与致密物质的基本性质联系起来，包括其状态方程。特别是，这个全面的贝叶斯框架推断状态方程将占尚未测量的物质签名，在中子星星人口的不确定性，并从核理论和电磁观测的中子星的先验信息。这些工具将用于分析未来的引力波观测，帮助最大限度地提高它们所传授的致密物质知识的数量。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Science-driven Tunable Design of Cosmic Explorer Detectors

科学驱动的宇宙探测器探测器可调谐设计

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac5f04
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Srivastava, Varun;Davis, Derek;Kuns, Kevin;Landry, Philippe;Ballmer, Stefan;Evans, Matthew;Hall, Evan D.;Read, Jocelyn;Sathyaprakash, B. S.
• 通讯作者: Sathyaprakash, B. S.

Improving performance for gravitational-wave parameter inference with an efficient and highly-parallelized algorithm

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.107.024040
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: J. Wofford;A. Yelikar;Hannah Gallagher;E. Champion;D. Wysocki;V. Delfavero;J. Lange;C. Rose;V. Valsan;S. Morisaki;J. Read;C. Henshaw;R. O’Shaughnessy

Population of Merging Compact Binaries Inferred Using Gravitational Waves through GWTC-3

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevx.13.011048
• 发表时间: 2021-11
• 期刊: Physical Review X
• 影响因子: 12.5
• 作者: The Ligo Scientific Collaboration;The Virgo Collaboration;T. Abbott;T. Abbott;F. Acernese;K. Ackley

Waveform uncertainty quantification and interpretation for gravitational-wave astronomy

引力波天文学的波形不确定性量化和解释

• DOI: 10.1088/1361-6382/acd29b
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Classical and Quantum Gravity
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Read, Jocelyn