DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Extending anchored phylogenomics into plants with a case study of beaksedge (tribe Rhynchosporeae; Cyperaceae) diversification in the New World

论文研究：通过新世界喙莎草（Rhynchosporeae 部落；莎草科）多样化的案例研究将锚定系统发育学扩展到植物中

• 批准号: 1311150
• 负责人: Austin Mast
• 金额: $ 1.91万
• 依托单位: Florida State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-06-01 至 2016-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1311150&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: DISSERTATION; RESEARCH; Extending; anchored; phylogenomics

The beaksedges (ca. 375 spp. in tribe Rhynchosporeae; Cyperaceae) are ideal for understanding patterns of diversity and diversification in the three American centers of subtropical/tropical grasslands and savanna because they are one of the most diverse groups in each area. For example, Rhynchospora has the greatest number of taxa (49) endemic to the SE North American Coastal Plain of any plant genus. This study will use 'anchored phylogenomics' (identifying and sequencing 100s or 1000s of highly conserved anchor regions flanked by more variable regions scattered throughout the genome) to produce a robust phylogeny for ca. 100 beaksedge species that will be used to the timing of diversification of the group and the evolution of fruit morphology, habitat specificity, and C3/C4 photosynthesis.The project will generate a 'toolkit' for anchored phylogenomics in the monocots, a group of 65,000 species that provides the great majority of the human diet (e.g., rice, maize, and wheat). Better knowledge of the relationships among these crop plants and their wild relatives is useful in crop improvement. The project will also enable more precise identifications of beaksedge species, which are often only identified to genus in ecological and conservation studies because of difficulties in identification. This is especially significant because 81 beaksedge species are recognized as wetland indicators in the United States and under-representation of the tribe's diversity reduces the accuracy of conservation assessments and makes the study of some ecological interactions impossible. The project will also train a graduate student in phylogenomics, which is emerging as an increasingly important skill set in systematics, biogeography, ecology, and evolution.

（The Beaksedges）375种在Rhynchosporus部落;莎草科）是了解亚热带/热带草原和稀树草原的三个美国中心的多样性和多样化模式的理想选择，因为它们是每个地区最多样化的群体之一。例如，Rhynchospora在任何植物属中具有最多的东南北美海岸平原特有的分类群（49）。这项研究将使用“锚定基因组学”（鉴定和测序100或1000个高度保守的锚区，两侧是分散在整个基因组中的更多可变区）来产生一个强大的基因组学。100种针茅物种，将用于群体多样化的时间和果实形态的进化，栖息地特异性和C3/C4光合作用。该项目将为单子叶植物中的锚定基因组学产生“工具包”，单子叶植物是一组65，000种物种，提供了人类饮食的绝大部分（例如，水稻、玉米和小麦）。 更好地了解这些作物与其野生亲缘植物之间的关系有助于作物改良。该项目还将能够更精确地识别喙苔物种，由于识别困难，这些物种在生态和保护研究中通常仅被识别为属。 这是特别重要的，因为81 beaksedge物种被公认为湿地指标在美国和部落的多样性代表性不足，降低了保护评估的准确性，使一些生态相互作用的研究是不可能的。 该项目还将培养一名研究生，从事生物基因组学的研究，这是系统学、地理学、生态学和进化学中日益重要的一套技能。