Active Deformation in the Arabian-Eurasian Continental Collision Zone

阿拉伯-欧亚大陆碰撞带的主动变形

• 批准号: 1321796
• 负责人: Robert Reilinger
• 金额: $ 17.17万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1321796&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Active; Deformation; Arabian; Eurasian; Continental

This project is aimed at determining the spatial and temporal (mainly in the case of earthquake and volcanic processes) distribution of crustal strain throughout the full extent of the Arabia-Eurasia continental collision zone. These investigations of the 2011, magnitude 7.2, Van, Turkey earthquake that occurred in the collision zone are particularly important in regard to understanding the earthquake cycle and the role of earthquake deformation in accommodating continental convergence. This project uses GPS observations developed over the past 20 years in direct cooperation with host-country partners, including Turkish, Armenian, Georgian, Azeri, Saudi Arabian, and Russian research institutions, and InSAR observations to constrain active deformation. In addition, partner institutions will extend and enhance geodetic observations throughout the region. Seismic, neotectonic, and other geophysical data are incorporated in the analysis and interpretations, and kinematic modeling strategies are used to investigate alternative hypotheses regarding the principal active structures throughout the collision zone. These kinematic constraints are used to investigate and constrain dynamic processes (i.e., the principal forces) driving continental collision and deformations in the collision zone, and the response of the lithosphere to these forces (i.e., lithospheric rheology).The results of this study have direct implications for earthquake and volcanic hazards throughout the collision zone. This is particularly important because historically the most destructive earthquakes in terms of the loss of life and property have occurred along continental collision zones and associated zones of lithospheric translation. Improved understanding of earthquake hazards is a major concern to our partners and a primary motivation for them to contribute resources to the study. Furthermore, capacity building for the host-country partners provides geodetic tools that have a broad range of applications in cartography, navigation, surveying (land management and infrastructure development), and weather forecasting among others.

这个项目的目的是确定整个阿拉伯-欧亚大陆碰撞带的地壳应变的时空分布（主要是在地震和火山过程的情况下）。这些对2011年发生在碰撞带的土耳其范7.2级地震的调查对于理解地震周期和地震变形在适应大陆收敛中的作用尤为重要。该项目利用过去20年来与东道国伙伴（包括土耳其、亚美尼亚、格鲁吉亚、阿塞拜疆、沙特阿拉伯和俄罗斯的研究机构）直接合作开发的GPS观测数据，以及InSAR观测数据来约束主动变形。此外，伙伴机构将在整个区域扩大和加强大地测量观测。地震、新构造和其他地球物理数据被纳入分析和解释，运动学建模策略被用于研究关于整个碰撞带主要活动结构的替代假设。这些运动学约束用于研究和约束驱动大陆碰撞和碰撞区变形的动力学过程（即主要力），以及岩石圈对这些力的响应（即岩石圈流变学）。这项研究的结果对整个碰撞带的地震和火山灾害具有直接意义。这一点特别重要，因为历史上造成生命和财产损失的最具破坏性的地震发生在大陆碰撞带和岩石圈平移的相关带。提高对地震灾害的认识是我们合作伙伴关注的主要问题，也是他们为这项研究提供资源的主要动机。此外，东道国合作伙伴的能力建设提供了在制图、导航、测量（土地管理和基础设施开发）和天气预报等方面具有广泛应用的大地测量工具。