Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Impact of Jury Diversity on Deliberation Quality

博士论文研究：陪审团多元化对审议质量的影响

• 批准号: 1323677
• 负责人: Margaret Bull Kovera
• 金额: $ 1.93万
• 依托单位: CUNY John Jay College of Criminal Justice
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-15 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1323677&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Impact; Jury

Juries with two minority group members have higher quality deliberations than do all-White juries. Does jury diversity per se improve the quality of jury deliberations or is it merely the inclusion of jurors from underrepresented groups that improves deliberation quality? The proposed dissertation research consists of three studies manipulating jury diversity and evidence strength to examine whether diverse juries make better decisions than homogenous juries. In each study, mock jurors will watch a trial simulation video (which varies the strength of the evidence presented at trial), deliberate, and render verdicts, allowing the PIs to examine whether more diverse juries are better able to evaluate evidence strength. The three studies vary the method of manipulating jury diversity. In Study 1, the deliberations of mock juries comprised of all Hispanic jurors will be compared with the deliberations of juries with a majority of Hispanic members and two White members to examine whether the findings of previous research are dependent upon a privileged majority (Whites) creating the homogenous jury. In Study 2, the deliberations of all-White juries, all-Black juries, and mixed juries will be coded to evaluate the extent to which jury diversity influences whether juries engage in more complex reasoning. The third study will use a minimal groups paradigm to explore whether the impact of diversity on deliberation quality extends to diversity created through a characteristic other than race or ethnicity, specifically the distribution of wealth among jury members. The intellectual merit of this proposal stems from its investigation of the mechanism by which jury diversity improves jury deliberations. U.S. courts have repeatedly recognized the importance of the presence of minority jurors on juries. The proposed research will provide evidence regarding what types of diversity are necessary to achieve the courts? goal of improving justice.

由两名少数族裔组成的陪审团的审议质量要高于全部由白人组成的陪审团。陪审团多样性本身是否提高了陪审团审议的质量，或者仅仅是来自代表性不足群体的陪审员提高了审议质量？提出的论文研究包括三个研究操纵陪审团多样性和证据强度来检验是否多样化的陪审团比同质陪审团做出更好的决定。在每项研究中，模拟陪审员将观看一段审判模拟视频（该视频会改变审判中提供的证据的强度），进行审议，并做出裁决，从而允许pi检查更多不同的陪审团是否能够更好地评估证据的强度。这三项研究对操纵陪审团多样性的方法有所不同。在研究1中，由所有西班牙裔陪审员组成的模拟陪审团的审议将与大多数西班牙裔成员和两名白人成员组成的陪审团的审议进行比较，以检查先前研究的结果是否依赖于特权多数（白人）创建同质陪审团。在研究2中，全白人陪审团、全黑人陪审团和混合陪审团的审议将被编码，以评估陪审团多样性对陪审团是否参与更复杂推理的影响程度。第三项研究将使用最小群体范式来探索多样性对审议质量的影响是否延伸到通过种族或民族以外的特征创造的多样性，特别是陪审团成员之间的财富分配。这一建议的智力价值源于它对陪审团多样性提高陪审团审议的机制的调查。美国法院一再承认少数族裔陪审员在陪审团中的重要性。拟议的研究将提供证据，说明什么类型的多样性是必要的，以实现法院？改善正义的目标。