Doctoral Dissertation Research: Citizenship, Property, and Law in the Reintegration of Internally Displaced Persons

博士论文研究：境内流离失所者重返社会中的公民身份、财产和法律

• 批准号: 1323761
• 负责人: Bruce Grant
• 金额: $ 1.81万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2015-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1323761&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Citizenship; Property

Graduate student, Irina Levin, under the supervision Dr. Bruce Grant of New York University, will explore how law shapes the return process for deported minority populations. Focusing on a group of Meskhetian Turks in Georgia and Azerbaijan as its sample this research uses ethnographic methods including participant-observation, in-depth, semi-structured interviews, and archival and textual analysis to examine how internally displaced persons (IDPs) experience and interpret the process of return. The study's central questions are: (1) how returnees' efforts at reintegration are shaped by their entanglements with local, national, and international legal orders; (2) what their experiences suggest for other displaced and stateless peoples across the world. This research builds on anthropological and interdisciplinary research on law, the nature of citizenship, and the transformations of postsocialist property to offer novel anthropological insights to augment our understanding of refugees, repatriation, and reintegration throughout the world.This research addresses broad intellectual and logistical questions regarding displaced people. According to recent estimates from the UN High Commissioner for Refugees, there are 15.4 million refugees and 27.5 million IDPs. As displacement has become an increasingly prevalent social, political, and logistical problem, it has also become an area of theoretical concern for anthropology and other social science disciplines. In terms both abstract and acutely practical, we are pressed to ask: Where do such persons belong? How can they and the countries they come to inhabit be made more secure? Through long-term ethnographic fieldwork this study sheds light on three domains that play a crucial role in the return process -- law, citizenship, and property. This study provides a timely examination of the issues that today's refugees and IDPs will encounter in the years to come. By focusing on the struggles of former deportees as they attempt to become citizens, property owners, and active participants in the legal and democratic processes in post-Soviet Georgia, this research will reveal the practical, political, and social challenges faced by IDPs and international organizations. As such, this research has the potential to inform our understanding in areas including democratization, anti-corruption, and the rule of law. Further, the study's location in two South Caucasus nations will augment our knowledge of this important but poorly-understood region. By focusing on legislation and its impact on a vulnerable population, this research seeks to highlight areas of concern for US and international governmental and non-governmental organizations engaged with work on all aspects of displacement and its long-term aftermaths, including return movements, repatriation legislation, and reintegration programs.

研究生伊琳娜·莱文（Irina Levin）将在纽约大学布鲁斯·格兰特（Bruce Grant）博士的指导下，探讨法律如何影响被驱逐的少数民族人口的返回过程。本研究以格鲁吉亚和阿塞拜疆的Meskhetian Turks为样本，采用民族志方法，包括参与者观察、深度、半结构化访谈、档案和文本分析，研究国内流离失所者（IDPs）如何经历和解释返回过程。该研究的核心问题是：(1)回返者在重新融入社会方面的努力如何受到他们与地方、国家和国际法律秩序的纠缠的影响；(2)他们的经历对世界各地其他流离失所和无国籍人民的启示。本研究建立在人类学和跨学科的法律研究，公民的性质，以及后社会主义财产的转变，以提供新的人类学见解，以增加我们对全世界难民，遣返和重新融入社会的理解。这项研究涉及有关流离失所者的广泛的知识和后勤问题。根据联合国难民事务高级专员最近的估计，有1540万难民和2750万国内流离失所者。由于流离失所已经成为一个日益普遍的社会、政治和后勤问题，它也成为人类学和其他社会科学学科理论关注的领域。从抽象和实际的角度来看，我们不得不问：这些人属于哪里？如何让他们和他们所居住的国家变得更加安全？通过长期的民族志田野调查，本研究揭示了在回归过程中起关键作用的三个领域——法律、公民身份和财产。这项研究及时审查了今天的难民和国内流离失所者在未来几年将遇到的问题。通过关注前被驱逐者的斗争，因为他们试图成为公民，财产所有者，并积极参与后苏联格鲁吉亚的法律和民主进程，本研究将揭示国内流离失所者和国际组织所面临的实际，政治和社会挑战。因此，这项研究有可能为我们在民主化、反腐败和法治等领域的理解提供信息。此外，该研究在两个南高加索国家的位置将增加我们对这一重要但知之甚少的地区的了解。通过关注立法及其对弱势群体的影响，本研究旨在突出美国和国际政府和非政府组织关注的领域，这些组织从事流离失所及其长期后果的各个方面的工作，包括返回运动，遣返立法和重返社会计划。