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Sustaining opportunity: reducing discards in fisheries science and math education

维持机会：减少渔业科学和数学教育中的丢弃物

基本信息

批准号：
1323991
负责人：
金额：
$ 19万
依托单位：
Woods Pamela J
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Fellowship Award
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2014-07-01 至 2017-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1323991&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Sustaining opportunity reducing discards fisheries

项目摘要

Overview: In this project, a two-pronged approach toward "sustaining opportunity" is planned for improving fisheries science and mathematical education in the United States. The first approach involves an evaluation of a fisheries management strategy that focuses on the utility of short-term time-area closures and catch-balancing regulations, both of which are used in Iceland. Two-week area closures are mandated in Iceland when the percentage of juvenile fish landed is too high. Catch-balancing regulations allow fishermen to account for quota overages through trade, between-year transfers, or species transformations. The ability of these rules to reduce juvenile mortality and maximize long-term profitability will be analyzed in a theoretical multi-species, age-structured bioeconomic model that includes "discarding." Discarding refers to tossing overboard fish resources that are unprofitable because the species or size is illegal or unmarketable. The model will be parameterized using Icelandic groundfish fisheries and results will be compared with a parameterization based on the U.S. Northeast groundfish fishery. Stocks for the same species in each location will be compared for analysis to determine whether results could change for stocks with a rebuilding or depleted status. For the second approach, the opportunity for a free and equitable mathematics education will be enhanced by supporting a curriculum-based on-line math self-tutoring tool (Tutor-web). An auxiliary website (Math is All Around Us) will be developed to challenge graduate students with the task of contextualizing high-school curricular math problems by using examples from their research or real life. This project will be completed at the University of Iceland under the sponsorship of Dr. Gunnar Stefansson. The fellow will spend up to two months per calendar year in New England consulting with math educators and fisheries scientists and managers regarding analysis of Northeast groundfish species. Intellectual Merit: In this study, the fellow will analyze fisheries management regulations that are only used extensively in Iceland, and therefore a novel approach to an old, yet bewildering question: How can fisheries be sustainably managed? This study builds on recent evaluations of marine protected areas, theoretical origins of fishery stock temporal variation, and studies that indicate how the population dynamics of depleted or rebuilding stocks may be wholly different from those of healthy stocks. This study is also well-timed and urgent, as severe declines in the Northeast groundfish fisheries are likely to prompt further evaluation of the current regulations in place. The proposed website will also contribute to an innovative educational tool that uses adaptive algorithms. Broader Impacts: This project will further the theory behind fisheries policy designs, as well as assist in knowledge transfers between the U.S. and Iceland. Improvements to the fishing industry resulting from these analyses will benefit the socioeconomic status of stakeholders and local communities, which are important for the national economy and cultural significance. Methods for building social capacity both within the U.S. and internationally are explicitly built into this proposal through the website project. This will aid in: 1) development of contextualized curricular math, 2) participation of graduate students in education, 3) mentoring of high school students by graduate students, 4) exposure of successful scientists from underrepresented groups, and 5) publicizing of Ocean Science programs and news.This postdoctoral fellowship is managed by the Division of Ocean Sciences and funded by the International Science and Engineering Section of the Office of International and Integrative Activities.

概述：在这个项目中，一个双管齐下的方法对“维持机会”计划，以改善渔业科学和数学教育在美国。第一种方法是对渔业管理战略进行评价，重点是冰岛采用的短期禁渔期和渔获量平衡条例的效用。在冰岛，当幼鱼上岸的比例过高时，强制关闭两周。渔获量平衡规定允许渔民通过贸易、年度间转移或物种转换来解释配额超额。这些规则的能力，以减少少年死亡率和最大限度地提高长期盈利能力将分析在一个理论多物种，年龄结构的生物经济模型，包括“丢弃”。“丢弃是指将无利可图的鱼类资源丢弃，因为这些资源的物种或大小是非法的或无法销售的。该模型将使用冰岛底栖鱼类渔业参数化，并将结果与基于美国东北部底栖鱼类渔业的参数化进行比较。将对每个地点的同一鱼种种群进行比较分析，以确定种群恢复或枯竭后的结果是否会改变。对于第二种方法，将通过支持一个基于计算机的在线数学自我辅导工具（Tutor-web），增加免费和公平数学教育的机会。将开发一个辅助网站（数学就在我们身边），以挑战研究生的任务，即通过使用他们的研究或真实的生活中的例子，将高中课程的数学问题置于情境中。该项目将在Gunnar Stefansson博士的赞助下在冰岛大学完成。该研究员将在新英格兰每个日历年花费两个月的时间，与数学教育工作者、渔业科学家和管理人员就东北部底栖鱼类物种的分析进行咨询。智力优势：在这项研究中，该研究员将分析仅在冰岛广泛使用的渔业管理法规，因此对一个古老但令人困惑的问题提出了一种新的方法：如何可持续地管理渔业？这项研究的基础是最近对海洋保护区的评价，渔业资源时间变化的理论起源，以及表明枯竭或重建种群的种群动态可能与健康种群完全不同的研究。这项研究也是及时和紧迫的，因为东北部底栖鱼类渔业的严重下降可能会促使对现行法规进行进一步评估。拟议的网站还将有助于使用自适应算法的创新教育工具。更广泛的影响：该项目将进一步推动渔业政策设计背后的理论，并协助美国和冰岛之间的知识转移。通过这些分析改善渔业将有利于利益攸关方和当地社区的社会经济地位，这对国家经济和文化意义都很重要。通过网站项目，在美国和国际上建立社会能力的方法明确纳入了这一提案。这将有助于：1）发展情境化的课程数学，2）研究生参与教育，3）研究生对高中生的指导，4）来自代表性不足群体的成功科学家的曝光，和5）该博士后研究金由海洋科学处管理，由国际科学与工程处资助。国际和综合活动。