Doctoral Dissertation Research: Hispanic Population Growth and Black-White Relations in the United States

米格尔·森特诺玛丽亚·c·阿巴斯卡尔普林斯顿大学引入第三个主要族群会如何影响已有族群之间的关系？本文通过西班牙裔人口增长及其对美国黑人/白人关系的影响来探讨这个问题。在美国历史的大部分时间里，黑人和白人的分歧一直是美国种族关系的特征；拉美裔正在通过高出生率和持续的移民改变这种状况。该项目考察了西班牙裔人口增长的实际水平和感知水平对黑人和白人对彼此的态度以及他们对种族目标和种族编码政策（如平权行动和福利）的支持的影响。先前的研究暗示了西班牙裔人口增长的两种可能结果：1)加深了黑人与非黑人之间的鸿沟；2)黑人和白人沿着共同的（美国）身份融合在一起，这种身份排除了基于文化而非种族差异的西班牙裔。该研究分析了具有全国代表性的调查数据以及原始实验数据，以解决这些问题。对综合社会调查（General Social Survey）和美国全国选举研究（American National Election Studies）数据趋势数据的分析，记录了黑人和白人的种族和政策态度是如何随着时间和当地西班牙裔人口增长水平的变化而变化的。将进行公共物品博弈，以将调查结果扩展到受控实验室环境中的可观察行为。通过操纵游戏的两个方面（参与者对西班牙裔人口增长的看法和游戏群体的种族构成），游戏检验了黑人和白人对种族混合群体的贡献是否会随着感知到的人口趋势而变化。随着公众对政府角色的分歧越来越大，美国人的种族和政策态度以及美国福利国家的未来成为学术界和公共政策关注的重要话题。在拉美裔人口大幅增长的背景下，这一点尤其正确，拉美裔人口不再局限于少数几个移民门户。最近向新的移民目的地的转变迫使学者们研究多元化对没有固定移民或少数民族人口的社区的影响。研究结果对社会政策具有重要意义，包括：1)预测种族/民族敌意的地点；2)详细说明多元化对平权行动和福利等政策的公众支持的影响。这项研究将产生关于实验博弈方法对种族关系研究价值的实用信息。因此，游戏中的实验协议和数据（删除了识别信息）将在网上提供，从而可以公开访问。这项研究的结果将通过跨学科期刊和会议传播，部分得益于与普林斯顿大学移民与发展中心和社会组织研究中心的持续联系。

SES-1333561 Miguel Centeno Maria C. Abascal Princeton University How will the introduction of a third, major ethnoracial group affect relations between pre-existing ethnoracial groups? This dissertation broaches this question through the lens of Hispanic population growth and its impact on black/white relations in the United States. The black/white divide has characterized US race relations for most of the country's history; Hispanics are changing that through high birth rates and continued immigration. This project examines the impact of real and perceived levels of Hispanic population growth on Blacks' and Whites' attitudes toward each other and their support for race-targeted and race-coded policies, like affirmative action and welfare. Previous research hints at two possible outcomes of Hispanic population growth: 1) the reinforcement of a black-nonblack divide; or 2) the merger of Blacks and Whites along a shared (American) identity that excludes Hispanics on the basis of cultural rather than racial differences. The study analyzes nationally representative survey data along with original experimental data to address these questions. An analysis of trend data from the General Social Survey and the American National Election Studies data documents how Blacks' and Whites' racial and policy attitudes change over time and in response to local levels of Hispanic population growth. Public goods games will be conducted to extend survey findings to observable behaviors in a controlled laboratory setting. By manipulating two aspects of the game (participants' perceptions of Hispanic population growth and the racial composition of the game group, the games examine whether Blacks' and Whites' contributions to a racially-mixed group vary in response to perceived population trends. Broader Impacts As public disagreement over the role of government grows, Americans' racial and policy attitudes and the future of the American welfare state become important topics of both academic and public policy concern. This is especially true in the context of substantial Hispanic population growth, which is no longer limited to a handful of immigration gateways. The recent shift toward new destinations of immigration compels scholars to examine the impact of diversification in communities without established immigrant or minority populations. Research findings have important implications for social policy, including: 1) predicting sites of racial/ethnic hostility, and 2) detailing the impact of diversification on public support for policies like affirmative action and welfare. The study will yield practical information about the value of experimental game methods for the study of race relations. Accordingly, the experimental protocol and data (with identifying information removed) from the games will be made available online, and thus publicly accessible. The findings of this research will be disseminated via interdisciplinary journals and conferences, facilitated in part by ongoing affiliations with the Princeton University Center for Migration and Development and the Center for the Study of Social Organization.