Prediction of Hydrodynamic Vulnerability of Coastal Bridges to Extreme Storm Surges

沿海桥梁对极端风暴潮的水动力脆弱性预测

• 批准号: 1334551
• 负责人: Hansong Tang
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: CUNY City College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-09-01 至 2018-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1334551&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Prediction; Hydrodynamic; Vulnerability; Coastal; Bridges

Several critical bridges were damaged severely because of wave surges during Hurricane Ivan in 2004 and Hurricane Katrina in 2005. Damage to the built infrastructure during Hurricanes Irene in 2011 and Sandy in 2012 in the New York City Metropolitan area shows the potential risk to critical coastal bridges. This risk could be higher in the future hurricanes because of sea level rise and climate change effects. This project?s broader significance and importance are the development of a computational framework for the prediction of vulnerability of bridges to extreme storm surges during future hurricanes and the development of design guidelines for reducing these vulnerabilities. Successful application of outcome of this project will help improve the adaptability and resilience of bridge infrastructure with respect to extreme storm surges. Educational and outreach impacts of the project are opportunities for underrepresented and women students to participate in multidisciplinary research on mathematical and computer modeling of emerging problems and knowledge for engineers on effects of climate change on built infrastructure.The objective of the proposed research is to investigate hydrodynamic impacts on bridges due to extreme storm surges during future hurricanes. The scope of this project includes computational modeling of storm surges including large-scale estuary flows and computational fluid dynamics simulation of impact of storm surge on bridges. Vulnerable bridges in the New York City harbor will be selected for demonstration because of the availability of storm surge data during Hurricane Sandy and complex coastlines and bathymetry. Reliability of the computational framework will be demonstrated through comparison with (i) storm surges observed during the Hurricane Sandy and (ii) storm surges simulated in small scale experiments using tsunami generator. The proposed research involves simulation of multi-scale and multi-physics processes related to the evolution of storm surge in the open sea at scales of 100 km and propagation of the surge to the coastal harbor and transfer of forces to bridge components at scales less than 1 m.

在2004年的伊万飓风和2005年的卡特里娜飓风中，几座重要的桥梁受到了严重的破坏。2011年飓风“艾琳”和2012年飓风“桑迪”对纽约大都会区已建成的基础设施造成的破坏表明，关键的沿海桥梁存在潜在风险。由于海平面上升和气候变化的影响，这种风险在未来飓风中可能会更高。这个项目吗?更广泛的意义和重要性在于开发了一个计算框架，用于预测未来飓风期间桥梁对极端风暴潮的脆弱性，并制定了减少这些脆弱性的设计指南。本项目成果的成功应用将有助于提高桥梁基础设施对极端风暴潮的适应性和恢复力。该项目的教育和外联影响是使代表性不足的女学生有机会参与关于新出现问题的数学和计算机建模的多学科研究，并为工程师提供关于气候变化对已建成基础设施影响的知识。提出的研究目的是调查未来飓风期间极端风暴潮对桥梁的水动力影响。本课题的研究范围包括风暴潮的计算模型，包括大尺度河口流和风暴潮对桥梁影响的计算流体动力学模拟。由于飓风桑迪期间的风暴潮数据的可用性以及复杂的海岸线和水深测量，纽约市港口的脆弱桥梁将被选中进行演示。计算框架的可靠性将通过与(i)飓风桑迪期间观测到的风暴潮和（ii）使用海啸发生器进行的小规模实验模拟的风暴潮进行比较来证明。拟开展的研究包括在100 km尺度上模拟外海风暴潮演变的多尺度和多物理场过程，以及在小于1 m尺度上风暴潮向沿海港口的传播和向桥梁构件的力传递。