Collaborative Proposal: Fundamental Research on Physics of Instability of Organic Solar Cells

合作提案：有机太阳能电池不稳定性物理基础研究

• 批准号: 1336147
• 负责人: A. Alan Middleton
• 金额: $ 16.34万
• 依托单位: Syracuse University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2013-08-01 至 2016-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1336147&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; Fundamental; Research; Physics

PI: Dalal, Vikram / Schiff, EricProposal Number: 1336134 / 1336147Institution: Iowa State University / Syracuse UniversityTitle: Collaborative Proposal: Fundamental Research on Physics of Instability of Organic Solar CellsThis project will to systematically study, identify, and potentially overcome the various physical phenomena in both materials and in devices that lead to degradation of organic solar cells when subjected to light. Organic photovoltaic (OPV) devices are an increasingly important photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion technology. Recent advances in efficiency to ~12% range in both single and tandem junction OPV solar cells are very encouraging for eventual commercial deployment. However, the devices are known to degrade rapidly when exposed to light, losing 20-30% of the initial efficiency within ~100 hours of illumination, even when encapsulated or kept in inert atmospheres. A major market for this technology is building-integrated products, since in principle, the OPV devices can be laminated onto existing window frames. For such commercial deployment, it is essential that the degradation be reduced significantly, to 10% range over the lifetime of the product, which is typically ~20 years for building products. Similarly, another major market segment, providing power for rural populations in developing countries, also requires relatively long life, even though they do not require the same power conversion efficiency as grid-connected central power in the U.S. This project will systematically investigate the changes in fundamental physical parameters such as optical absorption, hole mobility, deep state densities in both the absorber materials and at the hetero-junction interface when OPV materials and devices are subjected to illumination. The PIs will study the evolution of defects using both electrical measurements such as capacitance-frequency at different temperatures, and structural measurements such as spin resonance. PIs will study the kinetics of defect evolution over time under varying intensities of light so as to establish kinetic laws that govern defect evolution. Then, the PIs will systematically explore the thermal annealing of these defects over time, thereby finding out activation energies for annealing. The PIs will correlate these kinetics and annealing energies to the structure, morphology and composition of the organic materials, and the specific technology used for fabricating the devices. A number of different materials such as P3HT and PCDTBT will be studied and the relationship between the various kinetic parameters to the nature of the bonding in the materials will be established. We will use these results to design and fabricate better polymers which are likely to be more stable while maintaining power conversion efficiency. The broader impact consists of the industrial impact of the work, and in educating both graduate and undergraduate students in the field of OPV devices and materials in particular, and solar energy conversion devices in general. Significant attention will be paid to transfer the research results into education by including new lab sections in existing courses. Both women and under-represented minority group students are expected to play a significant role in the research. The results of the research will be broadly disseminated to scientists and engineers through publications, and by offering webinars through IEEE. Dissemination to the general public will be done by giving talks both in the U.S. and overseas.

主要研究者：Dalal，Vikram / Schiff，Eric提案编号：1336134 /1336147机构：爱荷华州州立大学/锡拉丘兹大学标题：合作提案：有机太阳能电池不稳定性物理基础研究本项目将对有机太阳能电池的不稳定性进行系统的研究，并且潜在地克服了材料和器件中的各种物理现象，光 有机光伏（OPV）器件是一种日益重要的光伏（PV）能量转换技术。最近在单结和串联结OPV太阳能电池中效率达到~12%范围的进展对于最终的商业部署是非常令人鼓舞的。然而，已知这些器件在暴露于光时会迅速降解，即使在封装或保持在惰性气氛中时，在照射的约100小时内也会损失初始效率的20-30%。该技术的主要市场是建筑一体化产品，因为原则上，OPV设备可以层压到现有的窗框上。对于这样的商业部署，重要的是在产品的寿命期间将降解显著降低到10%的范围，对于建筑产品通常为~20年。同样，另一个主要的细分市场，为发展中国家的农村人口提供电力，也需要相对较长的寿命，即使它们不需要与美国并网中央电源相同的功率转换效率。当OPV材料和器件受到照射时，吸收体材料和异质结界面处的深态密度。PI将使用不同温度下的电容频率等电气测量和自旋共振等结构测量来研究缺陷的演变。PI将研究在不同光强下缺陷随时间演化的动力学，以建立控制缺陷演化的动力学定律。然后，PI将系统地探索这些缺陷随时间的热退火，从而找出退火的激活能。 PI将这些动力学和退火能量与有机材料的结构、形态和组成以及用于制造器件的特定技术相关联。一些不同的材料，如P3 HT和PCDTBT将进行研究，并建立各种动力学参数之间的关系，在材料中的键合的性质。我们将利用这些结果来设计和制造更好的聚合物，这些聚合物可能更稳定，同时保持功率转换效率。更广泛的影响包括工作的工业影响，特别是在OPV设备和材料领域教育研究生和本科生，以及一般的太阳能转换设备。通过在现有课程中增加新的实验室部分，将非常重视将研究成果转移到教育中。女性和代表性不足的少数群体学生预计将在研究中发挥重要作用。研究结果将通过出版物和IEEE网络研讨会广泛传播给科学家和工程师。向公众传播将通过在美国和海外进行演讲来完成。