MRI: Acquisition of an Electroencephalography (EEG) System for Integrated Cognitive, Perceptual, and Social Neuroscience Research at Colgate University

在重大研究仪器计划的支持下，布鲁斯C汉森博士及其合作者将从电气测地线公司购买最先进的脑电图（EEG）系统（GES 300系统），供高露洁大学心理学和神经科学计划系的教师和本科生共享使用。EEG技术本身涉及将表面电极放置在人类参与者的头皮上，并实时记录大脑产生的电信号，从而允许对不同大脑信号的时间定位进行各种分析。 该系统将使这一群体能够通过将传统的心理学方法与人类的功能性神经电活动相结合，采用一种综合模型来理解人类行为。 参与这项提议的科学家都是来自广泛学科的活跃研究人员，包括认知，感知和社会心理学。 提出了五个研究项目（每个项目包括几项研究）。项目1使用机器学习对视觉诱发电位（VEP）进行分类，以研究大脑对复杂视觉场景的识别和分类的时间过程，以了解这些表示如何在不同环境中指导行动。 项目2考察了对新的社会类别（例如，多种族群体），以及反对平等的个体差异，促成了基于群体的社会不平等的永久化（例如，种族不平等）。 它将使用事件相关电位（ERP）来探索社会动机（例如，反平等主义）和社会背景（例如，少数民族的经济进步）影响人们对多种族个体的反应。 项目3建议将联合收割机EEG频带功率分析与行为范例相结合，以建立一个更直接和结论性的指标，即基于编码或检索的记忆过程是否决定了不断变化的任务需求对专业知识发展的影响。 项目4研究社会权力如何唤起自我欺骗，并因此增强说服能力。具体来说，该项目将传统的行为测量与ERP分析相结合，以跟踪选择性地释放意识变化的大脑信号的时间。从本质上讲，它旨在阐明如何对他人撒谎可能开始对自己撒谎。 项目5将利用ERP来探索体现语言教学（即，语音、手势、面部表情、眼睛注视等）在两种不同的情境下，对诱导第二语言（L2）学习中的神经变化是有效的：面对面教学与在线教学。该项目将侧重于反映学习新语音和新单词过程中早期感知和后期语义过程的组件。高露洁的共享EEG系统将使该小组能够直接让学生参与将心理学和神经科学结合到一个有凝聚力的研究领域的实验室技术，从而促进非传统的研究联系，从而激发新的见解和创造性的新研究领域。 这种方法无疑会让学生在早期阶段为研究生研究实验室做好更好的准备（其他学校的大多数本科生不会有这种高度技术性的经验），从而保证更广泛的科学领域的快速发展。 最后，高露洁的大多数心理学和神经科学专业人员都是女性，因此，共享EEG系统所带来的强化培训将提高在STEM领域攻读高级学位的女性的竞争力。

With support from the Major Research Instrumentation Program, Dr. Bruce C Hansen and his collaborators will purchase a state-of-the-art electroencephalography (EEG) system from Electrical Geodesics Incorporated (GES 300 system) for shared use by faculty and undergraduate students in Colgate University's Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program. The EEG technique itself involves placing surface electrodes on the scalp of a human participant and recording electrical signals generated by the brain in real-time, thereby allowing for a wide variety of analyses focused on the temporal localization of different brain signals. The system will enable this group to adopt an integrated model for understanding human behavior by blending traditional psychological methodology with functional neuroelectric activity in humans. The scientists involved in this proposal are all active researchers from a broad range of disciplines including cognitive, perceptual, and social psychology. Five research projects (each consisting of several studies) are proposed. Project 1 uses machine learning for the classification of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to investigate the time course of the brain's recognition and categorization of complex visual scenes in order to understand how such representations guide actions in different environments. Project 2 examines how biases in perception of novel social categories (e.g., multiracial groups), as well as individual differences in opposition to equality, contribute to the perpetuation of group-based social inequality (e.g., racial inequality). It will use event related potentials (ERPs) to explore how social motivations (e.g., anti-egalitarianism) and social contexts (e.g., economic progress for ethnic minorities) influence the way people react to multiracial individuals. Project 3 proposes to combine EEG frequency band power analyses with behavioral paradigms in order to establish a more direct and conclusive indicator of whether encoding or retrieval based memory processes determine the impact of changing task demands on development of expertise. Project 4 investigates how social power evokes self-deception and, as a consequence, enhances persuasive abilities. Specifically, the project combines traditional behavioral measures with ERP analysis to trace the timing of brain signals that selectively unleash changes in awareness. In essence, it aims to elucidate how lying to others may begin with lying to the self. Project 5 will utilize ERPs to explore whether embodied language instruction (i.e., speech, gesture, facial expression, eye gaze, etc.) is effective for inducing neural changes in second-language (L2) learning in two different contexts: face-to-face versus online instruction. The project will focus on components that reflect early perceptual and late semantic processes in the learning of novel speech sounds and new words.A shared EEG system at Colgate will allow this group to directly engage their students in laboratory techniques that unite psychology and neuroscience into one cohesive field of study, thereby fostering non-traditional research connections that should spur fresh insights and creative new areas of study. Such an approach will no doubt yield students who are better prepared for graduate research labs at an early stage (most undergraduates at other schools will not have this sort of highly technical experience), thereby guaranteeing the rapid advancement of the broader field of science. Lastly, the majority of psychology and neuroscience concentrators at Colgate are female, and the enhanced training made possible by a shared EEG system will therefore increase the competitive representation of women pursuing advanced degrees in a STEM field.