MRI: Acquisition of an Electroencephalography (EEG) System for Integrated Cognitive, Perceptual, and Social Neuroscience Research at Colgate University

在主要研究仪器项目的支持下，Bruce C Hansen博士和他的合作者将从Electrical Geodesics Incorporated （GES 300系统）购买最先进的脑电图（EEG）系统，供科尔盖特大学心理和神经科学专业的教师和本科生共享使用。脑电图技术本身涉及将表面电极放置在人类参与者的头皮上，并实时记录大脑产生的电信号，从而允许对不同大脑信号的时间定位进行广泛的分析。该系统将使该小组能够采用一种综合模型，通过将传统的心理学方法与人类的功能性神经电活动相结合，来理解人类行为。参与这项提案的科学家都是来自广泛学科的活跃研究人员，包括认知、知觉和社会心理学。提出了五个研究项目（每个项目由若干研究组成）。项目1使用机器学习对视觉诱发电位（vep）进行分类，研究大脑对复杂视觉场景的识别和分类的时间过程，以了解这些表征如何指导不同环境中的行为。项目2考察了对新的社会类别（例如，多种族群体）的偏见，以及反对平等的个体差异，如何导致基于群体的社会不平等（例如，种族不平等）的延续。它将使用事件相关电位（erp）来探索社会动机（例如，反平均主义）和社会背景（例如，少数民族的经济进步）如何影响人们对多种族个体的反应方式。项目3建议将脑电频带功率分析与行为范式相结合，以建立一个更直接、更确凿的指标，以确定基于编码或检索的记忆过程是否决定了任务需求变化对专业知识发展的影响。项目四调查社会权力如何引发自我欺骗，从而增强说服能力。具体来说，该项目将传统的行为测量方法与ERP分析相结合，以追踪有选择地释放意识变化的大脑信号的时间。从本质上讲，它旨在阐明对他人的谎言是如何从对自己的谎言开始的。项目5将利用erp来探索具身语言教学（即语音、手势、面部表情、眼神等）在面对面和在线教学两种不同情境下是否有效地诱导第二语言（L2）学习中的神经变化。该项目将重点关注反映新语音和新单词学习中早期感知和晚期语义过程的组成部分。高露洁的共享脑电图系统将允许该小组直接与学生接触实验室技术，将心理学和神经科学结合为一个有凝聚力的研究领域，从而培养非传统的研究联系，从而激发新的见解和创造性的新研究领域。这种方法无疑会使学生在早期阶段就为研究生的研究实验室做好更好的准备（其他学校的大多数本科生不会有这种高技术经验），从而保证更广泛的科学领域的迅速发展。最后，高露洁的大多数心理学和神经科学专业都是女性，通过共享脑电图系统实现的强化培训将因此增加在STEM领域攻读高级学位的女性的竞争代表性。

With support from the Major Research Instrumentation Program, Dr. Bruce C Hansen and his collaborators will purchase a state-of-the-art electroencephalography (EEG) system from Electrical Geodesics Incorporated (GES 300 system) for shared use by faculty and undergraduate students in Colgate University's Department of Psychology and Neuroscience Program. The EEG technique itself involves placing surface electrodes on the scalp of a human participant and recording electrical signals generated by the brain in real-time, thereby allowing for a wide variety of analyses focused on the temporal localization of different brain signals. The system will enable this group to adopt an integrated model for understanding human behavior by blending traditional psychological methodology with functional neuroelectric activity in humans. The scientists involved in this proposal are all active researchers from a broad range of disciplines including cognitive, perceptual, and social psychology. Five research projects (each consisting of several studies) are proposed. Project 1 uses machine learning for the classification of visual evoked potentials (VEPs) to investigate the time course of the brain's recognition and categorization of complex visual scenes in order to understand how such representations guide actions in different environments. Project 2 examines how biases in perception of novel social categories (e.g., multiracial groups), as well as individual differences in opposition to equality, contribute to the perpetuation of group-based social inequality (e.g., racial inequality). It will use event related potentials (ERPs) to explore how social motivations (e.g., anti-egalitarianism) and social contexts (e.g., economic progress for ethnic minorities) influence the way people react to multiracial individuals. Project 3 proposes to combine EEG frequency band power analyses with behavioral paradigms in order to establish a more direct and conclusive indicator of whether encoding or retrieval based memory processes determine the impact of changing task demands on development of expertise. Project 4 investigates how social power evokes self-deception and, as a consequence, enhances persuasive abilities. Specifically, the project combines traditional behavioral measures with ERP analysis to trace the timing of brain signals that selectively unleash changes in awareness. In essence, it aims to elucidate how lying to others may begin with lying to the self. Project 5 will utilize ERPs to explore whether embodied language instruction (i.e., speech, gesture, facial expression, eye gaze, etc.) is effective for inducing neural changes in second-language (L2) learning in two different contexts: face-to-face versus online instruction. The project will focus on components that reflect early perceptual and late semantic processes in the learning of novel speech sounds and new words.A shared EEG system at Colgate will allow this group to directly engage their students in laboratory techniques that unite psychology and neuroscience into one cohesive field of study, thereby fostering non-traditional research connections that should spur fresh insights and creative new areas of study. Such an approach will no doubt yield students who are better prepared for graduate research labs at an early stage (most undergraduates at other schools will not have this sort of highly technical experience), thereby guaranteeing the rapid advancement of the broader field of science. Lastly, the majority of psychology and neuroscience concentrators at Colgate are female, and the enhanced training made possible by a shared EEG system will therefore increase the competitive representation of women pursuing advanced degrees in a STEM field.