Collaborative Research: Earth-Life Transitions: Integrated Data-Model Analysis of CO2-Climate-Vegetation Feedbacks in a Dynamic Paleo-Icehouse

合作研究：地球-生命转变：动态古冰库中二氧化碳-气候-植被反馈的综合数据模型分析

• 批准号: 1338200
• 负责人: Christopher Poulsen
• 金额: $ 33万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2014-01-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1338200&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Earth; Life; Transitions

COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH :Integrated Data-Model Analysis of CO2-Climate-Vegetation Feedbacks in a Dynamic Paleo-IcehousebyIsabel Montanez, Univ. California, Davis EAR-1338281Christopher Poulsen, Univ. Michigan, EAR-1338200Joseph White, Baylor University, EAR-1338247Michael Hren, Univ. Conneticutt, EAR-1338256ABSTRACTOverview: Vegetation-CO¬2-climate feedbacks have been shown to be an important component of the climate system, capable of perturbing atmospheric circulation, continental surface temperatures, and hydrological cycling on regional- to global-scales. Recent work indicates that vegetation-climate feedbacks likely had the potential to push the late Paleozoic climate system between glacial and interglacial states and to strongly modify the climate regime within these states. The details of the nature, time-scales, and potential impact of these feedbacks remain elusive. This multi-disciplinary project, driven by three interlinked hypotheses, addresses these shortcomings and analyzes the roles of CO2- and orbital-forcing and vegetation-climate feedbacks in promoting glacial-interglacial transitions on eccentricity- to multi-million year time-scales: - The response of vegetation to primarily CO2-driven glacial-interglacial transitions depended on the timing, magnitude and duration of CO2 forcing and whether critical ecological thresholds were reached.- Tropical vegetation, by way of physiological forcing, impacted low-latitude climate and water & C cycling- Vegetation-climate feedbacks - on a global-scale - amplified radiatively forced glacial-interglacial transitions through changes in direct surface forcing and terrestrial C & N cycling.These hypotheses are being tested through integrated empirical, experimental and multi-scale modeling approaches across a spectrum of time- (10 to 1,000,000 yr) and spatial-scales (leaf-to-canopy-to-global climate system). Climate-CO2-vegetation feedbacks, including the role of plant physiological forcing of climate will be assessed through a two-stage modeling effort that will first reformulate a terrestrial biosphere model (BIOME-BGC) using the empirical and experimental results coupled with modeling sensitivity experiments to define plant functional traits for late Paleozoic PFTs. In the second stage, we will incorporate these PFT traits into NCAR's fully coupled Community Earth System Model and use this version to investigate glacial-interglacial dynamics.Intellectual Merit: This research will generate the first high-resolution, high-precision reconstruction of atmospheric CO2 during the LPIA, which when incorporated into the climate modeling will provide insight into the evolution of earth system processes, including the terrestrial biosphere, in an icehouse under changing CO2 levels relevant to our long-term future. This study will be the first modification of terrestrial biosphere models to account for paleo-PFT traits and investigation of paleovegetation-climate feedbacks thus providing an improved understanding of the potential of non-angiosperm plants to influence hydrologic and C cycling through physiological forcing. Broader Impacts: Cross-disciplinary training and mentoring will occur through in-residence internships for the Ph.D. students. Underrepresented students to Earth and environmental sciences will be integrated through a range of summer and academic year internships and programs at the collaborating institutions. This study will contribute directly to a Carboniferous exhibit planned for the Paleontological Halls of the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution. All data generated by this study will be archived and shared via publications, and web-accessible tools.

合作研究：动态古冰屋中二氧化碳-气候-植被反馈的综合数据模型分析，作者：伊莎贝尔·蒙塔内兹，大学。加州，Davis Ear-1338281 Christopher Poulsen，Univ.密歇根州，EAR-1338200约瑟夫·怀特，贝勒大学，EAR-1338247迈克尔·赫伦，大学。概述：植被-二氧化碳-气候反馈已被证明是气候系统的一个重要组成部分，能够在区域到全球尺度上扰乱大气环流、大陆表面温度和水文循环。最近的研究表明，植被-气候反馈可能有可能推动晚古生代气候系统介于冰期和间冰期之间，并强烈改变这些国家的气候制度。这些反馈的性质、时间尺度和潜在影响的细节仍然难以捉摸。在三个相互关联的假说的推动下，这个多学科项目解决了这些缺点，并分析了二氧化碳和轨道强迫以及植被气候反馈在促进偏心到数百万年时间尺度上的冰期-间冰期转变中的作用：-植被对主要由二氧化碳驱动的冰期-间冰期转变的反应取决于二氧化碳强迫的时间、大小和持续时间，以及是否达到了关键的生态阈值。-热带植被通过生理强迫影响低纬气候和水与放大器；C循环气候-二氧化碳-植被反馈，包括植物对气候的生理强迫作用，将通过两个阶段的建模工作进行评估，首先将使用经验和实验结果结合建模敏感性实验重新建立陆地生物圈模型(BIOME-BGC)，以定义晚古生代PFT的植物功能特征。在第二阶段，我们将把这些PFT特征结合到NCAR的完全耦合的社区地球系统模型中，并使用这个版本来研究冰川-间冰期的动力学。智慧的优点：这项研究将产生第一个高分辨率、高精度的大气二氧化碳重建，当被纳入气候建模时，将提供对与我们长期未来相关的二氧化碳水平变化下冰库中地球系统过程的演变的洞察，包括陆地生物圈。这项研究将是对陆地生物圈模型的第一次修正，以解释古PFT特征和古植被-气候反馈的调查，从而更好地理解非被子植物通过生理强迫影响水文和碳循环的潜力。更广泛的影响：跨学科的培训和指导将通过博士生的驻校实习进行。将通过一系列暑期和学年实习以及合作机构的项目，将未被充分代表的学生纳入地球和环境科学专业。这项研究将直接为史密森学会国家自然历史博物馆古生物展厅的石炭纪展览做出贡献。这项研究产生的所有数据都将通过出版物和网络工具存档和共享。